Hunt Julian D, Byers Edward, Wada Yoshihide, Parkinson Simon, Gernaat David E H J, Langan Simon, van Vuuren Detlef P, Riahi Keywan
International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria.
Institute for Integrated Energy Systems, University of Victoria, PO Box 3055, STN CSC, Victoria, BC, Canada.
Nat Commun. 2020 Feb 19;11(1):947. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14555-y.
Seasonal mismatches between electricity supply and demand is increasing due to expanded use of wind, solar and hydropower resources, which in turn raises the interest on low-cost seasonal energy storage options. Seasonal pumped hydropower storage (SPHS) can provide long-term energy storage at a relatively low-cost and co-benefits in the form of freshwater storage capacity. We present the first estimate of the global assessment of SPHS potential, using a novel plant-siting methodology based on high-resolution topographical and hydrological data. Here we show that SPHS costs vary from 0.007 to 0.2 US$ m of water stored, 1.8 to 50 US$ MWh of energy stored and 370 to 600 US$ kW of installed power generation. This potential is unevenly distributed with mountainous regions demonstrating significantly more potential. The estimated world energy storage capacity below a cost of 50 US$ MWh is 17.3 PWh, approximately 79% of the world electricity consumption in 2017.
由于风能、太阳能和水能资源的使用不断扩大，电力供需的季节性不匹配现象日益增加，这反过来又提高了人们对低成本季节性储能选项的兴趣。季节性抽水蓄能（SPHS）能够以相对较低的成本提供长期储能，并具有淡水储存能力等协同效益。我们采用一种基于高分辨率地形和水文数据的新型电站选址方法，首次对全球季节性抽水蓄能潜力进行了评估。我们在此表明，季节性抽水蓄能的成本在每立方米储存水量0.007至0.2美元、每兆瓦时储存能量1.8至50美元以及每千瓦装机发电容量370至600美元之间。这种潜力分布不均，山区的潜力明显更大。估计成本低于每兆瓦时50美元的全球储能容量为17.3拍瓦时，约占2017年全球电力消费量的79%。
