Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, No.11, Ronghua South Street, Yizhuang Economic Zone, Beijing, 100176, China.
Inst. of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.1 Beigou Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, China.
J Food Sci. 2020 Mar;85(3):824-833. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.15047. Epub 2020 Feb 20.
The crude flavonoid extract of pollen (CFP) of four species of honeybee pollens were extracted with ethanol, and the total flavonoid contents ranged from 3.4 to 14.5 mg rutin/g dry weight. The antioxidant activities of the CFPs were evaluated from both chemical and cytological aspects. Comprehensive antioxidant scores were determined based on these two evaluation systems. The results showed that canola CFP had the highest antioxidant capacity among the four CFPs. A cytotoxicity assay was conducted to assess the safety threshold of the CFPs, and canola CFP was proved to be the least toxic to vascular endothelial cell. Of the four tested CFPs, this research suggests that canola CFP is the most promising natural antioxidant. In addition, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis detected seven flavonoid glycosides in the hydrolysates of the four CFPs. Among them, quercetin and kaempferol were present in all four honeybee pollen extracts, but there were significant differences between their contents. A correlation analysis revealed a strong correlation between the content of quercetin in the pollen extract and the extract's antioxidant activity. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Many varieties of honeybee pollen are commercially available. The results of this study help guide consumers to choose honeybee pollens that have a better antioxidant effect. This report can also provide guidance and data in support of the development of honeybee pollen health products.
四种蜜蜂花粉的粗黄酮提取物（CFP）用乙醇提取，总黄酮含量范围为 3.4 至 14.5 mg 芦丁/g 干重。从化学和细胞学两个方面评价了 CFP 的抗氧化活性。基于这两个评价体系，确定了综合抗氧化评分。结果表明，菜籽油 CFP 在四种 CFP 中具有最高的抗氧化能力。进行细胞毒性测定以评估 CFP 的安全阈值，结果表明菜籽油 CFP 对血管内皮细胞的毒性最小。在这四种测试的 CFP 中，本研究表明菜籽油 CFP 是最有前途的天然抗氧化剂。此外，高效液相色谱（HPLC）分析检测到四种 CFP 水解产物中的七种黄酮糖苷。其中，槲皮素和山柰酚存在于所有四种蜂蜜花粉提取物中，但它们的含量存在显著差异。相关性分析表明，花粉提取物中槲皮素的含量与提取物的抗氧化活性之间存在很强的相关性。实际应用：市场上有多种品种的蜜蜂花粉。本研究结果有助于指导消费者选择具有更好抗氧化效果的蜜蜂花粉。本报告还可以为蜜蜂花粉保健品的开发提供指导和数据支持。
