Kambe Tetsuya, Watanabe Aiko, Li Meijia, Tsukamoto Takamasa, Imaoka Takane, Yamamoto Kimihisa
Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.
ERATO Japan Science and Technology (JST), 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.
Adv Mater. 2020 Apr;32(14):e1907167. doi: 10.1002/adma.201907167. Epub 2020 Feb 21.
Superatoms have been investigated due to their possible substitution for other elements. The solution-phase synthesis of superatoms has attracted attention to realize the availability of superatoms. However, the previous approach is basically limited to the formation of a single cluster. Here, superatoms are investigated and the number of valence electrons in these superatoms is changed by designing the number of gallium atoms present. Based on the dendrimer template method, clusters consisting of 3, 12, 13, and other numbers of atoms have been synthesized. The halogen-like superatomic nature of Ga is structurally and electrochemically observed as completely different to the other clusters. The gallium clusters of 13 and 3 atoms, which can fill the 2P and 1P superatomic orbitals, respectively, exhibit different reactivities. The 3-atom gallium cluster is suggested as being reduced to Ga H due to the lower shift of energy levels in the unoccupied orbitals. The results for these gallium clusters provide candidates for superatoms.
由于超原子有可能替代其他元素，因此人们对其展开了研究。超原子的溶液相合成已引起关注，以实现超原子的可用性。然而，先前的方法基本上仅限于形成单个团簇。在此，对超原子进行了研究，并通过设计存在的镓原子数量来改变这些超原子中的价电子数量。基于树枝状聚合物模板法，已合成了由3、12、13和其他数量原子组成的团簇。从结构和电化学角度观察到，Ga的类卤超原子性质与其他团簇完全不同。分别可以填充2P和1P超原子轨道的13原子和3原子镓团簇表现出不同的反应活性。由于未占据轨道中能级的较低移动，3原子镓团簇被认为会还原为GaH。这些镓团簇的结果为超原子提供了候选物。
