Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, OntarioN1G 2W1, Canada.
Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses, University of Guelph, Guelph, OntarioN1G 2W1, Canada.
Anim Health Res Rev. 2019 Dec;20(2):128-142. doi: 10.1017/S1466252319000252.
Livestock producers are encouraged to reduce the use of antibiotics belonging to classes of medical importance to humans. We conducted a scoping review on non-antibiotic interventions in the form of products or management practices that could potentially reduce the need for antibiotics in beef and veal animals living under intensive production conditions. Our objectives were to systematically describe the research on this broad topic, identify specific topics that could feasibly support systematic reviews, and identify knowledge gaps. Multiple databases were searched. Two reviewers independently screened and charted the data. From the 13,598 articles screened, 722 relevant articles were charted. The number of relevant articles increased steadily from 1990. The Western European research was dominated by veal production studies whereas the North American research was dominated by beef production studies. The interventions and outcomes measured were diverse. The four most frequent interventions included non-antibiotic feed additives, vaccinations, breed type, and feed type. The four most frequent outcomes were indices of immunity, non-specific morbidity, respiratory disease, and mortality. There were seven topic areas evaluated in clinical trials that may share enough commonality to support systemic reviews. There was a dearth of studies in which interventions were compared to antibiotic comparison groups.
鼓励畜牧业者减少使用对人类具有医学重要性的抗生素类别。我们对可能减少密集生产条件下的牛肉和小牛肉动物对抗生素需求的非抗生素干预措施（以产品或管理实践的形式）进行了范围界定审查。我们的目标是系统地描述这一广泛主题的研究，确定可能支持系统评价的具体主题，并确定知识空白。我们检索了多个数据库。两位评审员独立筛选和图表数据。在筛选的 13598 篇文章中，有 722 篇相关文章被图表化。相关文章的数量从 1990 年开始稳步增加。西欧的研究主要集中在小牛肉生产研究上，而北美的研究则主要集中在牛肉生产研究上。干预措施和测量的结果多种多样。最常使用的四种干预措施包括非抗生素饲料添加剂、疫苗接种、品种类型和饲料类型。最常测量的四个结果是免疫指数、非特异性发病率、呼吸道疾病和死亡率。在临床试验中评估了七个可能具有足够共性以支持系统评价的主题领域。与抗生素对照组进行干预比较的研究很少。
