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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2020 Feb 7;124(5):051103. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.051103.
This Letter presents the results from pointlike neutrino source searches using ten years of IceCube data collected between April 6, 2008 and July 10, 2018. We evaluate the significance of an astrophysical signal from a pointlike source looking for an excess of clustered neutrino events with energies typically above ∼1 TeV among the background of atmospheric muons and neutrinos. We perform a full-sky scan, a search within a selected source catalog, a catalog population study, and three stacked Galactic catalog searches. The most significant point in the northern hemisphere from scanning the sky is coincident with the Seyfert II galaxy NGC 1068, which was included in the source catalog search. The excess at the coordinates of NGC 1068 is inconsistent with background expectations at the level of 2.9σ after accounting for statistical trials from the entire catalog. The combination of this result along with excesses observed at the coordinates of three other sources, including TXS 0506+056, suggests that, collectively, correlations with sources in the northern catalog are inconsistent with background at 3.3σ significance. The southern catalog is consistent with background. These results, all based on searches for a cumulative neutrino signal integrated over the 10 years of available data, motivate further study of these and similar sources, including time-dependent analyses, multimessenger correlations, and the possibility of stronger evidence with coming upgrades to the detector.
本信函展示了利用2008年4月6日至2018年7月10日期间收集的十年冰立方数据进行点状中微子源搜索的结果。我们通过在大气μ子和中微子背景中寻找能量通常高于约1 TeV的聚集式中微子事件过剩情况，来评估来自点状源的天体物理信号的显著性。我们进行了全天空扫描、在选定源目录内的搜索、目录填充研究以及三次堆叠银河系目录搜索。扫描天空时在北半球最显著的点与塞弗特II型星系NGC 1068重合，该星系包含在源目录搜索中。在考虑整个目录的统计试验后，NGC 1068坐标处的过剩与背景预期在2.9σ水平不一致。这一结果与在包括TXS 0506 + 056在内的其他三个源坐标处观测到的过剩情况相结合，表明总体而言，与北部目录中的源的相关性在3.3σ显著性水平上与背景不一致。南部目录与背景一致。所有这些结果均基于对10年可用数据上积分的累积中微子信号的搜索，促使对这些及类似源进行进一步研究，包括随时间变化的分析、多信使相关性以及随着探测器未来升级获得更强证据的可能性。
