El-Guebaly N, Offord D R
Am J Psychiatry. 1977 Apr;134(4):357-65. doi: 10.1176/ajp.134.4.357.
In their review of the literature on the effects of parental alcoholism on the offspring of alcoholics, the authors focus on sample collection, criteria used for the diagnosis of parental alcoholism, and definitions of "emotional disturbances." Studies are grouped according to age of offspring; within each age group, the various approaches to the issue are described. The authors suggest a need for more carefully controlled studies using blind data collection and clear operational definitions. In addition, the "risk" status of offspring of alcoholics should be compared to that of children whose parents have other types of serious psychiatric disturbance. Although the literature has focused on the "casualties," the authors note that much could be learned from studies of the "successes"--those children who do not seem to be at increased risk for pychosocial illness despite the alcoholism of their parents.
在对有关父母酗酒对酗酒者子女影响的文献综述中，作者们关注样本收集、用于诊断父母酗酒的标准以及“情绪障碍”的定义。研究按子女年龄分组；在每个年龄组内，描述了针对该问题的各种研究方法。作者们提出需要进行更严格控制的研究，采用盲法数据收集和明确的操作定义。此外，酗酒者子女的“风险”状况应与父母患有其他类型严重精神障碍的儿童的状况进行比较。尽管文献主要关注“受害者”，但作者们指出，从对“成功案例”的研究中可以学到很多东西——那些尽管父母酗酒但似乎患心理社会疾病风险并未增加的孩子。
