Melinek R, Mirolli M
Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University Bloomington 47405.
J Auton Nerv Syst. 1988 Sep;24(1-2):29-39. doi: 10.1016/0165-1838(88)90132-4.
The heart of the axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum was studied with histochemical methods to determine the distribution of neurons containing acetylcholine esterase, catecholamines and 5-hydroxytryptamine. The cardiac ganglion is made up of cholinergic nerve fibers and somata, and of catecholaminergic fibers. Small intensely fluorescent cells were found along blood vessels in the pericardial wall at the base of the heart, but not in the heart itself, except, in a few instances, in the region bordering the pericardial wall. Both the cholinergic and the catecholaminergic innervation of the heart were poorly developed at hatching and reached their mature state after a few months. Cholinesterase staining fibers appeared several weeks before catecholaminergic fibers. The number of postganglionic cholinergic neurons in the heart increased several-fold during the first month after hatching. Histofluorescence studies of organ cultures suggested that all the catecholamine present in the heart are of extrinsic origin. Liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection demonstrated that the dominant catecholamine in the heart is norepinephrine. No neurons containing 5-hydroxytryptamine were found.
用组织化学方法研究了墨西哥钝口螈心脏中含乙酰胆碱酯酶、儿茶酚胺和5-羟色胺的神经元分布。心脏神经节由胆碱能神经纤维和胞体以及儿茶酚胺能纤维组成。在心脏基部心包壁的血管周围发现了小而强荧光细胞，但在心脏本身未发现，只有少数情况出现在与心包壁相邻的区域。心脏的胆碱能和儿茶酚胺能神经支配在孵化时发育不良，几个月后达到成熟状态。胆碱酯酶染色纤维比儿茶酚胺能纤维早几周出现。孵化后第一个月，心脏中节后胆碱能神经元的数量增加了几倍。器官培养的组织荧光研究表明，心脏中所有的儿茶酚胺都来源于外部。液相色谱-电化学检测表明，心脏中占主导地位的儿茶酚胺是去甲肾上腺素。未发现含5-羟色胺的神经元。
