Cásedas Guillermo, Les Francisco, Choya-Foces Carmen, Hugo Martín, López Víctor
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego (Zaragoza), Spain.
Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Feb 21;9(2):177. doi: 10.3390/antiox9020177.
Urolithin A is a metabolite generated from ellagic acid and ellagitannins by the intestinal microbiota after consumption of fruits such as pomegranates or strawberries. The objective of this study was to determine the cytoprotective capacity of this polyphenol in Neuro-2a cells subjected to oxidative stress, as well as its direct radical scavenging activity and properties as an inhibitor of oxidases. Cells treated with this compound and HO showed a greater response to oxidative stress than cells only treated with HO, as mitochondrial activity (MTT assay), redox state (ROS formation, lipid peroxidation), and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT: catalase, SOD: superoxide dismutase, GR: glutathione reductase, GPx: glutathione peroxidase) were significantly ameliorated; additionally, urolithin A enhanced the expression of cytoprotective peroxiredoxins 1 and 3. Urolithin A also acted as a direct radical scavenger, showing values of 13.2 μM Trolox Equivalents for Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and 5.01 µM and 152.66 µM IC values for superoxide and 2,2-diphenyss1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, respectively. Finally, inhibition of oxidizing enzymes, such as monoamine oxidase A and tyrosinase, was also detected in a dose-dependent manner. The cytoprotective effects of urolithin A could be attributed to the improvement of the cellular antioxidant battery, but also to its role as a direct radical scavenger and enzyme inhibitor of oxidases.
尿石素A是一种在食用石榴或草莓等水果后，由肠道微生物群从鞣花酸和鞣花单宁生成的代谢产物。本研究的目的是确定这种多酚在遭受氧化应激的神经母细胞瘤细胞（Neuro-2a）中的细胞保护能力，以及其直接清除自由基的活性和作为氧化酶抑制剂的特性。用该化合物和过氧化氢（HO）处理的细胞比仅用过氧化氢处理的细胞对氧化应激有更大的反应，因为线粒体活性（MTT法）、氧化还原状态（活性氧形成、脂质过氧化）和抗氧化酶活性（CAT：过氧化氢酶、SOD：超氧化物歧化酶、GR：谷胱甘肽还原酶、GPx：谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶）均得到显著改善；此外，尿石素A增强了细胞保护蛋白过氧化物还原酶1和3的表达。尿石素A还作为一种直接的自由基清除剂，氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）的Trolox当量值为13.2μM，超氧化物和2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）自由基的半数抑制浓度（IC）值分别为5.01μM和152.66μM。最后，还检测到对单胺氧化酶A和酪氨酸酶等氧化酶的抑制呈剂量依赖性。尿石素A的细胞保护作用可能归因于细胞抗氧化能力的改善，也归因于其作为直接自由基清除剂和氧化酶抑制剂的作用。
