Computational Biology Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States.
Elife. 2020 Feb 26;9:e52696. doi: 10.7554/eLife.52696.
Social cellular aggregation or multicellular organization pose increased risk of transmission of infections through the system upon infection of a single cell. The generality of the evolutionary responses to this outside of Metazoa remains unclear. We report the discovery of several thematically unified, remarkable biological conflict systems preponderantly present in multicellular prokaryotes. These combine thresholding mechanisms utilizing NTPase chaperones (the MoxR-vWA couple), GTPases and proteolytic cascades with hypervariable effectors, which vary either by using a reverse transcriptase-dependent diversity-generating system or through a system of acquisition of diverse protein modules, typically in inactive form, from various cellular subsystems. Conciliant lines of evidence indicate their deployment against invasive entities, like viruses, to limit their spread in multicellular/social contexts via physical containment, dominant-negative interactions or apoptosis. These findings argue for both a similar operational 'grammar' and shared protein domains in the sensing and limiting of infections during the multiple emergences of multicellularity.
社会细胞聚集或多细胞组织在单个细胞感染时会增加通过系统传播感染的风险。除后生动物外，这种外部感染的进化反应的普遍性尚不清楚。我们报告了几种主题统一的、显著的生物学冲突系统的发现，这些系统主要存在于多细胞原核生物中。这些系统结合了利用 NTPase 伴侣（MoxR-vWA 对）、GTPases 和蛋白水解级联的阈值机制，以及具有超变效应物的系统，这些效应物通过使用依赖逆转录酶的多样性产生系统或通过从各种细胞子系统获取多种蛋白模块（通常处于非活性形式）的系统而变化。和解的证据表明，它们被用来对抗入侵实体，如病毒，以通过物理隔离、显性负相互作用或细胞凋亡来限制它们在多细胞/社会环境中的传播。这些发现表明，在多细胞生物多次出现的过程中，对感染的感知和限制存在类似的操作“语法”和共享蛋白结构域。
