Marko Tara, Suarez Micah, Todorova Elitza, Mark Cunanan, Julie Postma
Annu Rev Nurs Res. 2019 Dec 23;38(1):73-96. doi: 10.1891/0739-6686.38.73.
Exposure to unprecedented levels of wildfire smoke is increasing cardiopulmonary mortality and is especially catastrophic to people with preexisting respiratory conditions such as asthma. Wildfire smoke is a mixture of hazardous air pollutants and airborne particulate matter and wildfires are burning larger areas of land and lasting longer, extending the smoke season. The wildfire season is also expected to lengthen as a result of the changing climate. This scoping review examines publications related to wildfires and health in order to explore the ways in which nursing science contributes to research on the health effects of wildfires and strategies to decrease exposure to wildfires and/or wildfire smoke. Nursing's contribution to wildfire research needs to increase to meet the demands of this rapidly growing, international problem. Nurses have an opportunity to protect the public's health through interventional research focused on preventing exposure and applying what is learned to practice.
接触前所未有的野火烟雾水平正在增加心肺疾病死亡率，对患有哮喘等既有呼吸道疾病的人尤其具有灾难性。野火烟雾是有害空气污染物和空气中颗粒物的混合物，而且野火燃烧的土地面积越来越大，持续时间越来越长，延长了烟雾季节。由于气候变化，野火季节预计也会延长。本综述性研究考察了与野火和健康相关的出版物，以探讨护理科学在哪些方面有助于开展有关野火对健康影响的研究，以及探讨减少接触野火和/或野火烟雾的策略。护理对野火研究的贡献需要增加，以满足这一迅速发展的国际问题的需求。护士有机会通过专注于预防接触并将所学应用于实践的干预性研究来保护公众健康。
