SACIDS-Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals in Eastern and Southern Africa, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Department of Tropical Medicine, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, University of Kinshasa, P.O. Box 747, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Parasit Vectors. 2020 Feb 27;13(1):103. doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-3985-7.
Mosquito-borne viral infections have in recent years, become a public health threat globally. This review aimed to provide an overview of the ecological and epidemiological profiles of mosquito-borne viral infections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
A search of literature was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed and the WHO website using the following keywords: "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Zaire", "Belgian Congo" and either of the following: "mosquito-borne virus", "arbovirus", "yellow fever", "dengue", "chikungunya", "West Nile", "Rift Valley fever", "O'nyong'nyong", "Zika", "epidemiology", "ecology", "morbidity", "mortality". Published articles in English or French covering a period between 1912 and October 2018 were reviewed.
A total of 37 articles were included in the review. The findings indicate that the burden of mosquito-borne viral infections in DRC is increasing over time and space. The north-western, north-eastern, western and central regions have the highest burden of mosquito-borne viral infections compared to south and eastern highland regions. Yellow fever, chikungunya, dengue, Zika, Rift Valley fever, West Nile and O'nyong'nyong have been reported in the country. These mosquito-borne viruses were found circulating in human, wildlife and domestic animals. Yellow fever and chikungunya outbreaks have been frequently reported. Aedes aegypti and Ae. simpsoni were documented as the main vectors of most of the mosquito-borne viral infections. Heavy rains, human movements, forest encroachment and deforestation were identified as drivers of mosquito-borne viruses occurrence in DRC.
Mosquito-borne viral infections are becoming common and a serious public health problem in DRC. In the current context of climate change, there is urgent need to improve understanding on ecological and epidemiology of the diseases and strengthen surveillance systems for prompt response to epidemics in DRC.
近年来，蚊媒病毒感染已成为全球公共卫生威胁。本综述旨在概述刚果民主共和国（DRC）蚊媒病毒感染的生态和流行病学特征。
使用 Google Scholar、PubMed 和世界卫生组织（WHO）网站，使用以下关键词搜索文献：“刚果民主共和国”、“扎伊尔”、“比属刚果”以及以下任意一个：“蚊媒病毒”、“虫媒病毒”、“黄热病”、“登革热”、“基孔肯雅热”、“西尼罗河热”、“裂谷热”、“奥尼昂-奥尼昂热”、“寨卡热”、“流行病学”、“生态学”、“发病率”、“死亡率”。综述了 1912 年至 2018 年 10 月期间发表的英文或法文文章。
共有 37 篇文章纳入综述。研究结果表明，刚果民主共和国蚊媒病毒感染的负担随着时间和空间的推移而增加。与南部和东部高地地区相比，西北部、东北部、西部和中部地区蚊媒病毒感染负担最高。该国已报告发生黄热病、基孔肯雅热、登革热、寨卡热、裂谷热、西尼罗河热和奥尼昂-奥尼昂热。这些蚊媒病毒在人类、野生动物和家畜中循环。黄热病和基孔肯雅热暴发经常发生。埃及伊蚊和辛普森伊蚊被记录为大多数蚊媒病毒感染的主要媒介。大雨、人类活动、森林侵占和森林砍伐被确定为刚果民主共和国蚊媒病毒发生的驱动因素。
蚊媒病毒感染在刚果民主共和国越来越普遍，成为一个严重的公共卫生问题。在当前气候变化的背景下，迫切需要加强对疾病生态学和流行病学的了解，并加强监测系统，以便对刚果民主共和国的疫情做出快速反应。
