Hayashi R
Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, Ibaraki University, Mito.
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 1988 Apr;59(1):1-8. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.59.1.
According to Biederman and Tsao (1979), ideographic script yields more interference than phonetic script in Stroop color-naming task. They attributed this effect to the fundamental differences in the perceptual demands in reading these scripts. In order to examine this hypothesis two experiments using Kanji and Kana were conducted, in which the semantic relationship between the distractor word and the color was manipulated. It was expected that if the above hypothesis was correct the script type effect would not be influenced by the semantic attributes of distractor words. In experiment 1 using verbal response (subjects were 30 undergraduates), although the script type effect was not shown in any semantic relationship conditions, the influence of the meaning of distractor words on the interference score was observed (semantic category effect). In experiment 2 using manual response (subjects were 24 undergraduates), both the semantic category effect and the script type effect were observed, and the latter was found to vary as a function of semantic relationship between the distractor words and the colors. These results are interpreted as evidence indicating that the script type effect on Stroop interference takes place at the semantic processing level.
根据比德曼和曹（1979年）的研究，在斯特鲁普颜色命名任务中，表意文字比拼音文字产生更多干扰。他们将这种效应归因于阅读这些文字时感知需求的根本差异。为了检验这一假设，进行了两项使用汉字和假名的实验，其中干扰词与颜色之间的语义关系得到了操控。预期如果上述假设正确，文字类型效应将不受干扰词语义属性的影响。在实验1中使用言语反应（受试者为30名本科生），尽管在任何语义关系条件下均未显示文字类型效应，但观察到干扰词的意义对干扰分数有影响（语义类别效应）。在实验2中使用手动反应（受试者为24名本科生），观察到了语义类别效应和文字类型效应，并且发现后者会随着干扰词与颜色之间的语义关系而变化。这些结果被解释为表明文字类型对斯特鲁普干扰的效应发生在语义加工水平的证据。
