Université de Paris, LVTS, Inserm U1148, F-75018 Paris, France.
Platelets. 2020 May 18;31(4):455-460. doi: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1732325. Epub 2020 Feb 27.
In recent years, accumulating evidence has indicated that platelets continuously repair vascular damage at sites of inflammation and/or infection. Studies in mouse models of inflammation have highlighted the fact that the mechanisms underlying bleeding prevention by platelets in inflamed organs can substantially differ from those supporting primary hemostasis following tail tip transection or thrombus formation in models of thrombosis. As a consequence, exploration of the hemostatic function of platelets in inflammation, as well as assessment of the risk of inflammation-induced bleeding associated with a platelet deficit and/or the use of anti-thrombotic drugs, require the use of dedicated experimental models. In the present review, we present the pros and cons of the cutaneous reversed passive Arthus reaction, a model of inflammation which has been instrumental in studying how inflammation causes vascular injury and how platelets continuously intervene to repair it. The limitations and common issues encountered when working with mouse models of inflammation for investigating platelet functions in inflammation are also discussed.
近年来，越来越多的证据表明，血小板在炎症和/或感染部位不断修复血管损伤。在炎症的小鼠模型中的研究突出了这样一个事实，即在炎症器官中血小板防止出血的机制与支持在尾部末端切断或血栓形成的模型中原发性止血的机制可以有很大的不同。因此，需要使用专门的实验模型来探索血小板在炎症中的止血功能，以及评估与血小板缺乏和/或抗血栓药物使用相关的炎症诱导性出血的风险。在本综述中，我们介绍了皮肤反向被动 Arthus 反应的优缺点，这是一种炎症模型，它在研究炎症如何引起血管损伤以及血小板如何不断介入修复方面发挥了重要作用。我们还讨论了在使用炎症的小鼠模型来研究血小板在炎症中的功能时遇到的局限性和常见问题。
