Liu Sijia, Zhang Zhenyu, Hailemariam Samson, Zheng Nan, Wang Min, Zhao Shengguo, Wang Jiaqi
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha Hunan 410125, China.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Feb 25;10(3):368. doi: 10.3390/ani10030368.
Biochanin A is a naturally occurring flavonoid compound that is found in plant species such as red clover () and alfalfa (). Flavonoids have been reported to regulate ruminal fermentation, and the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of biochanin A on ruminal microbial composition and nitrogen metabolism. The experiment was performed by in vitro batch culturing of a control (without biochanin A) and a biochanin A treatment. Following a 24-h incubation, gas production and the amounts of ammonia-nitrogen (NH-N), volatile fatty acid (VFA), and amino acids were measured. Microbial population using 16S rRNA gene sequence. We found that the addition of biochanin A significantly increased microbial gas production; but had no effect on VFA production. Biochanin A supplementation also resulted in reduced microbial urease activity with half the maximal inhibitory concentration of 320 nM and also inhibited the degradation rates of total amino acids, valine, lysine, methionine and leucine by 18%, 56%, 37%, 13%, and 12%, respectively. This inhibition of urease activity and amino acid decomposition resulted in a significant reduction in the NH-N concentration. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA sequence to monitor microbial composition showed that biochanin A significantly reduced the abundance of the proteolytic bacteria and ureolytic bacteria , but increased the abundance of the lactic acid metabolizing bacteria and . In conclusion, biochanin A reduced the production of ammonia by inhibiting proteolytic bacteria and their decomposition of urea and amino acids.
染料木黄酮是一种天然存在的黄酮类化合物，存在于诸如红三叶草（）和苜蓿（）等植物物种中。据报道，黄酮类化合物可调节瘤胃发酵，本研究的目的是评估染料木黄酮对瘤胃微生物组成和氮代谢的影响。实验通过对对照（不含染料木黄酮）和染料木黄酮处理进行体外批次培养来进行。培养24小时后，测量气体产生量以及氨氮（NH-N）、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）和氨基酸的含量。使用16S rRNA基因序列分析微生物种群。我们发现添加染料木黄酮显著增加了微生物气体产生量；但对VFA产生量没有影响。补充染料木黄酮还导致微生物脲酶活性降低，半数最大抑制浓度为320 nM，并且还分别抑制了总氨基酸、缬氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸和亮氨酸的降解率18%、56%、37%、13%和12%。这种对脲酶活性和氨基酸分解的抑制导致NH-N浓度显著降低。通过对16S rRNA序列进行高通量测序以监测微生物组成表明，染料木黄酮显著降低了蛋白水解细菌和尿素分解细菌的丰度，但增加了乳酸代谢细菌和的丰度。总之，染料木黄酮通过抑制蛋白水解细菌及其对尿素和氨基酸的分解来减少氨的产生。
