Gemara Netanel, Nadan Yochay
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Jan;37(1-2):79-101. doi: 10.1177/0886260520908026. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
Based on the findings of substantial research, Western professionals today perceive corporal punishment as a threat to child well-being. They also view it as a violation of children's rights. Nonetheless, many minority groups in Western societies still consider it to be a legitimate child-rearing practice. In response to this gap, this article presents qualitative findings from an exploratory context-informed study of Ultra-Orthodox Jewish fathers in Israel, regarding their perceptions and ascribed meanings of corporal punishment. Our exploration was guided by the following research question: What are the constructions, perceptions, beliefs, and meanings associated with corporal punishment among Ultra-Orthodox Litvak fathers in Israel? The thematic analysis of 15 in-depth semi-structured interviews yielded two central themes. The first is the view of corporal punishment as an educational tool with legitimacy based on religious sources and emotion-focused rationales. The second theme deals with different limitations on and guidelines regarding this legitimacy. Children were struck as a result of behavior that parents experienced as extreme, and striking the child in response to religious wrongdoing was viewed as problematic. The fathers interviewed stressed the need to suit the punishment to the child, in terms of the intensity of the blow, frequency, and the age of the child. The fathers also emphasized the importance of the child's subjective experience being one of education as opposed to humiliation. Implications from these findings illustrate the gaps between the Ultra-Orthodox community and professionals who espouse the Western view that prohibits corporal punishment; at the same time, they portray the fathers as expressing an intricate approach toward corporal punishment, with conditions and limitations, as opposed to absolute approval. This article advocates a context-informed approach toward dealing with corporal punishment in minority groups that legitimize the practice. Adopting such an approach may contribute to better cooperation between professionals and their clients from minority groups, and advance child well-being.
基于大量研究的结果，如今西方专业人士认为体罚是对儿童福祉的一种威胁。他们还将其视为对儿童权利的侵犯。尽管如此，西方社会中的许多少数群体仍然认为这是一种合理的育儿方式。针对这一差距，本文呈现了一项对以色列极端正统派犹太父亲进行的探索性情境研究的定性结果，内容涉及他们对体罚的认知以及赋予体罚的意义。我们的探索由以下研究问题引导：以色列极端正统派立陶宛父亲对体罚的建构、认知、信念和意义是什么？对15次深入的半结构化访谈进行的主题分析产生了两个核心主题。第一个主题是将体罚视为一种基于宗教渊源和情感导向的理由而具有合法性的教育工具。第二个主题涉及对这种合法性的不同限制和指导方针。父母因认为孩子行为极端而打孩子，而因宗教过错打孩子则被视为有问题。接受访谈的父亲们强调，在打击力度、频率和孩子年龄方面，惩罚要与孩子相适应。父亲们还强调了孩子的主观体验作为教育而非羞辱体验的重要性。这些研究结果所蕴含的意义揭示了极端正统派社区与支持西方禁止体罚观点的专业人士之间的差距；与此同时，这些结果表明父亲们对体罚表达了一种复杂的态度，存在条件和限制，而非完全赞同。本文倡导一种基于情境的方法来处理少数群体中使体罚合法化的情况。采用这种方法可能有助于专业人士与少数群体客户之间更好地合作，并促进儿童福祉。
