Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece.
Vet Clin Pathol. 2020 Mar;49(1):66-70. doi: 10.1111/vcp.12826. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
Urinalysis is not routinely used in bovine medicine, and there is no evidence as to whether urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC) could be used for the diagnosis of renal diseases in cattle.
The goal of the study was to determine alterations in UPCs observed with different subclinical renal diseases in clinically healthy cattle and to investigate whether UPC can efficiently differentiate cattle with and without subclinical renal pathology.
Kidney and urine samples from 57 clinically healthy adult dairy (44) and beef (13) cattle were collected after slaughter. Urinary protein and creatinine concentrations were measured in an automatic analyzer, and urinary-specific gravity (USG) was measured using a temperature compensated refractometer. Kidney samples underwent histopathologic examination, and the cattle were classified as NL (no renal lesion) and L (lesions detected even in one kidney). Based on USG, the cattle were divided into the Normal USG (≥1.020) and Low USG (<1.020) groups. The cattle with either histopathologic lesions or low specific gravities were considered to have renal disease.
Renal lesions were detected in 37 cattle. UPC values were significantly affected (P < .05) by USG values, and not by the type of lesion detected, breed, or age, and their interactions (P > .05). The analysis revealed that a UPC of ≥0.19 provided an optimal cut-off point for the differentiation between normal animals and those with renal disease with 66.0% sensitivity and 90% specificity.
The UPC calculation is a useful tool for the differentiation of normal cattle and those with renal disease. A UPC of less than 0.19 is associated with the absence of renal damage, whereas higher values raise suspicion for renal disease.
尿液分析在兽医临床实践中并不常用，也没有证据表明尿蛋白与肌酐的比值（UPC）是否可用于诊断牛的肾脏疾病。
本研究旨在确定不同亚临床肾脏疾病在临床健康牛中观察到的 UPC 变化，并探讨 UPC 是否能有效地区分有和无亚临床肾脏病理的牛。
在屠宰后收集了 57 头临床健康的成年奶牛（44 头）和肉牛（13 头）的肾脏和尿液样本。使用自动分析仪测量尿液中的蛋白质和肌酐浓度，使用温度补偿折射仪测量尿液比重（USG）。对肾脏样本进行组织病理学检查，并将牛分为 NL（无肾脏病变）和 L（即使在一只肾脏中也发现病变）。根据 USG，牛被分为正常 USG（≥1.020）和低 USG（<1.020）组。有组织病理学病变或低比重的牛被认为患有肾脏疾病。
在 37 头牛中检测到肾脏病变。UPC 值受 USG 值显著影响（P<0.05），而不受病变类型、品种或年龄以及它们之间的相互作用（P>0.05）的影响。分析表明，UPC 为≥0.19 时，对正常动物和肾脏疾病动物的区分具有最佳的截断值，敏感性为 66.0%，特异性为 90.0%。
UPC 计算是区分正常牛和肾脏疾病牛的有用工具。UPC 小于 0.19 与无肾脏损伤相关，而较高的值则提示怀疑存在肾脏疾病。
