Department of Dermatology, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Acta Derm Venereol. 2020 Apr 6;100(8):adv00106. doi: 10.2340/00015555-3436.
Numerous dermoscopic structures for the early detection of melanoma have been described. The aim of this study was to illustrate the characteristics of dermoscopic structures that are similar to blotches, but smaller (termed microblotches), and to evaluate their association with other well-known dermoscopic structures. A cross-sectional study design, including 165 dermoscopic images of melanoma was used to define microblotches, and 241 consecutive images of naevi from the HAM10000 database, were studied to evaluate the prevalence of this criterion in both groups. Microblotches were defined as sharply demarcated structures ≤1 mm, with geographical borders visible only with dermoscopy. Microblotches were present in 38.7% of the melanomas and 6.7% of the naevi. Moreover, microblotches were associated with an odds ratio (OR) of malignancy of 5.79, and were more frequent in invasive melanoma than in the in-situ subtype (OR 2.92). Histologically, they correspond to hyperpigmented parakeratosis or epidermal consumption. In conclusion, microblotches are related to melanomas. This finding could help dermatologists to differentiate between naevi and melanomas.
已经描述了许多用于早期检测黑色素瘤的皮肤镜结构。本研究的目的是说明与斑类似但较小（称为微斑）的皮肤镜结构的特征，并评估它们与其他著名的皮肤镜结构的关系。本研究采用了一项横断面研究设计，纳入了 165 张黑色素瘤的皮肤镜图像来定义微斑，并研究了 HAM10000 数据库中 241 张连续的痣的图像，以评估该标准在两组中的发生率。微斑被定义为界限清晰的结构，大小≤1 毫米，仅通过皮肤镜才能看到地理边界。微斑在 38.7%的黑色素瘤和 6.7%的痣中存在。此外，微斑的恶性肿瘤比值比（OR）为 5.79，在侵袭性黑色素瘤中比原位亚型更常见（OR 2.92）。组织学上，它们对应于过度色素沉着角化不全或表皮消耗。总之，微斑与黑色素瘤有关。这一发现可以帮助皮肤科医生区分痣和黑色素瘤。
