Gackowski Mariusz, Datka Jerzy
Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland.
Molecules. 2020 Feb 26;25(5):1044. doi: 10.3390/molecules25051044.
The article reviews different strategies towards obtaining mesoporous zeolites Y: desilication; surfactant templating and assembly of zeolite crystals. The impact of those methods on physicochemical properties is covered, with a special focus on the acidity of the samples measured with infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The methods of characterization of acidity are presented. Quaternary ammonium cations used for desilication lead to obtaining crystalline; mesoporous and highly acidic zeolites. Si-OH-Al groups of extremely high acidity can be produced by calcination in a humid atmosphere. When the conditions are optimized, post-synthetic surfactant templating allows crystalline mesoporous zeolite to be obtained with no loss of material. All mesoporous zeolites Y proved to be active catalysts in liquid phase isomerization, catalytic cracking, and other reactions.
本文综述了制备介孔Y型沸石的不同策略：脱硅法、表面活性剂模板法以及沸石晶体组装法。文中阐述了这些方法对物理化学性质的影响，特别关注了通过红外光谱法测定的样品酸度。介绍了酸度的表征方法。用于脱硅的季铵阳离子可得到结晶性、介孔性且高酸性的沸石。在潮湿气氛中煅烧可产生酸度极高的Si-OH-Al基团。当条件优化后，后合成表面活性剂模板法可获得结晶性介孔沸石且无材料损失。所有介孔Y型沸石在液相异构化、催化裂化及其他反应中均被证明是活性催化剂。
