Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
Department of Biology, University of La Verne, La Verne, CA, USA.
J Fish Biol. 2020 Jun;96(6):1360-1369. doi: 10.1111/jfb.14301. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
Limia islai, a new species of livebearing fish, is described from Lake Miragoane in south-western Haiti on Hispaniola. The new species has a conspicuous barred pattern consisting of several (4-12) black bars along the body, ray 4p serrae of the gonopodium in males with 10 segments and origin of dorsal fin in females slightly behind the origin of the anal fin. Although the new species colour pattern is similar to that of the humpbacked limia Limia nigrofasciata Regan 1913, L. islai sp. nov. has exclusive morphological features, such as slender body, lack of hump anterior to dorsal fin in males and presence of specific features in the gonopodial suspensory, which allow an unambiguous diagnosis from L. nigrofasciata. L. islai further differs from L. nigrofasciata in reproductive behaviour since L. islai males rely on sneak copulations and gonopodial thrusting, whereas L. nigrofasciata display an elaborate courtship behaviour. The new species is also genetically distinct in both nuclear (Rh, Myh6) and mitochondrial (12S, ND2, D-loop, Cytb) genes from other species in the genus showing reciprocal monophyly. The description of this new Limia species from Lake Miragoane confirms this lake as an important centre of endemism for the genus, with a total of eight endemic species described so far.
米拉戈安湖中的新胎生鱼类——伊斯莱利米亚鱼
伊斯莱利米亚鱼是一种新的胎生鱼类，产自海地西南部的米拉戈安湖。该新种具有显著的横带图案，由身体上的几个（4-12）黑色条纹组成，雄鱼的肛鳍第四射线有 10 个节段，而雌鱼的背鳍起点略微位于臀鳍起点之后。尽管新种的颜色图案与驼背利米亚鱼相似，但伊斯莱利米亚鱼具有独特的形态特征，如身体细长、雄鱼在背鳍前没有隆起、肛鳍附属结构具有特定特征等，这些特征可以明确地区分它与利米亚鱼。此外，伊斯莱利米亚鱼与利米亚鱼在繁殖行为上也存在差异，因为伊斯莱利米亚鱼的雄鱼依靠偷袭交配和肛鳍推送来繁殖，而利米亚鱼则表现出精心的求偶行为。新种在核基因（Rh、Myh6）和线粒体基因（12S、ND2、D-loop、Cytb）上也与该属的其他物种存在明显的遗传差异，显示出相互的单系性。从米拉戈安湖中描述的这种新利米亚鱼证实了该湖是该属的一个重要特有中心，迄今为止已经描述了总共 8 个特有种。
