Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706; Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc Moorepark Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, Ireland.
Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc Moorepark Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, Ireland.
J Dairy Sci. 2020 May;103(5):4446-4454. doi: 10.3168/jds.2019-17266. Epub 2020 Feb 26.
The aim of this study was to estimate the amount of milk left in quarters and udders and the milking duration for a variety of teat cup removal strategies. A combination of empirical data and simulated quarter and udder teat cup removal settings were used to make these estimates. Milking duration is an important factor in both automatic and conventional milking systems because it directly influences milking efficiency and hence can affect farm profitability. Strategies investigated in the literature to reduce milking duration include the application of different milk flow rate switch-points (milk flow rate at which the milking unit or teat cup is removed). Applying these milk flow rate switch-points can affect the amount of milk that is not harvested (strip milk). We are not aware of previous research analyzing strip milk yield and milking duration at the quarter level, across a range of quarter and udder milk flow rate switch-points. Quarter-level average milking duration decreased by 2 min, and strip milk increased 1.3 kg as quarter milk flow rate switch-point was increased from 0.2 kg/min to 1.0 kg/min. Using an end of milking criterion of removal of the teat cup at 50% of the quarter's rolling average milk flow rate resulted in a 0.4-min reduction in milking duration and a 0.08-kg increase in strip milk per quarter, compared with removal of the teat cup at 30% of the quarter's rolling average milk flow rate. Udder-level average milking duration decreased by 1.4 min, and strip milk increased by 0.76 kg (0.19 kg per quarter) as udder milk flow rate switch-point was increased from 0.2 kg/min to 1.0 kg/min. A 0.8-min reduction in cow milking duration and a 0.27-kg increase in strip milk at the udder level (0.08 kg per quarter) resulted when changing udder milk flow rate switch-point from 30% of the udder rolling average to 50% of the udder rolling average milk flow rate. This study provides quantitative estimates of the effect of teat cup milk flow rate switch-points on milking duration and strip milk yield.
本研究旨在估计各种奶嘴移除策略下乳房和乳房中的剩余牛奶量和挤奶时间。使用经验数据和模拟乳房和乳房奶嘴移除设置来进行这些估计。挤奶时间是自动和常规挤奶系统中的一个重要因素，因为它直接影响挤奶效率，从而影响农场盈利能力。文献中研究的旨在缩短挤奶时间的策略包括应用不同的奶流率切换点（奶流率达到该值时，挤奶装置或奶嘴将被移除）。应用这些奶流率切换点会影响未采集的牛奶量（残留奶）。我们不知道以前有研究分析过不同的奶流率切换点下，整个乳房和乳房的牛奶产量和挤奶时间。随着乳房奶流率切换点从 0.2 公斤/分钟增加到 1.0 公斤/分钟，乳房级平均挤奶时间减少了 2 分钟，残留奶增加了 1.3 公斤。使用在季度滚动平均值奶流率的 50%时移除奶嘴的挤奶结束标准，与在季度滚动平均值奶流率的 30%时移除奶嘴相比，每季度的挤奶时间减少了 0.4 分钟，残留奶增加了 0.08 公斤。随着乳房奶流率切换点从 0.2 公斤/分钟增加到 1.0 公斤/分钟，牛级平均挤奶时间减少了 1.4 分钟，残留奶增加了 0.76 公斤（每季度 0.19 公斤）。当改变乳房奶流率切换点从乳房滚动平均值的 30%到 50%时，奶牛挤奶时间减少了 0.8 分钟，乳房水平的残留奶增加了 0.27 公斤（每季度 0.08 公斤）。本研究提供了定量估计奶嘴奶流率切换点对挤奶时间和残留奶产量的影响。
