Department of Animal Science, Center for Reproductive Biology and Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Theriogenology. 2020 Jul 1;150:294-301. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.074. Epub 2020 Feb 21.
A viable corpus luteum (CL) producing an adequate amount of progesterone is absolutely essential for establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. One function of embryonic signaling to the mother is to ensure that the CL is maintained. In ruminants, the secretion of uterine prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2A) is the signal that initiates luteolysis. Despite many studies to determine if PGF2A secretion from the uterus is altered in early pregnancy, conflicting interpretations have led to controversy regarding the exact mechanisms by which maternal recognition of pregnancy is achieved. In addition to alteration of uterine prostaglandin metabolism, changes within the CL itself may facilitate the establishment of a successful pregnancy. These changes include alteration of luteal blood flow, prostaglandin metabolism, sensitivity to prostaglandin actions, increased steroidogenic capacity, significant intracellular molecular changes and modification of the immune cells that are within the CL. Whether these intraluteal changes are necessary to establish pregnancy is undetermined. The focus of this review will be to provide a brief historical perspective on the utero-ovarian relationships that regulate luteal lifespan and review current knowledge of the CL of pregnancy in sheep and cattle.
一个能够产生足够孕激素的黄体对于妊娠的建立和维持是绝对必要的。胚胎向母体发出的信号的一个功能是确保黄体的维持。在反刍动物中，子宫前列腺素 F2alpha（PGF2A）的分泌是启动黄体溶解的信号。尽管有许多研究试图确定妊娠早期子宫内 PGF2A 的分泌是否发生改变，但由于对母体识别妊娠的确切机制的解释存在冲突，因此存在争议。除了改变子宫内前列腺素代谢外，CL 本身的变化也可能有助于成功妊娠的建立。这些变化包括黄体血流、前列腺素代谢、对前列腺素作用的敏感性、类固醇生成能力的增加、显著的细胞内分子变化以及改变 CL 内的免疫细胞。这些黄体内的变化是否对妊娠的建立是必要的，目前尚不确定。本综述的重点将是简要回顾调节黄体寿命的子宫-卵巢关系的历史背景，并回顾绵羊和牛妊娠 CL 的最新知识。
