Shankar Kikkeri Nidhi, Nagalli Shivaraj
Princeton Baptist Medical Center
Yuma Regional Medical Center
Migraine is a prevalent condition generally characterized by a unilateral pulsating headache developing gradually over hours to days. Approximately 25% of individuals with migraines experience accompanying focal neurological symptoms or auras either before or with the headache. Despite traditional teachings emphasizing the occurrence of auras preceding headaches, many patients experience both simultaneously. Auras manifest as visual, auditory, motor, or somatosensory symptoms. Migraine attacks progress through 4 phases: prodrome, aura, headache, and postdrome. Earlier theories linked the pain of migraine headaches to cranial blood vessel vasodilation and auras to subsequent vasoconstriction. However, current research indicates a genetic foundation along with cortical spreading depression of Leão as the fundamental cause. Understanding the intricacies of the pathophysiology, presentation, assessment, and management of migraine with aura is crucial for healthcare professionals. Adopting a collaborative team approach enhances the comprehensive care provided to affected individuals.
偏头痛是一种常见病症，其一般特征为单侧搏动性头痛，在数小时至数天内逐渐发展。约25%的偏头痛患者在头痛之前或头痛时会出现伴随的局灶性神经症状或先兆。尽管传统理论强调先兆在头痛之前出现，但许多患者会同时经历两者。先兆表现为视觉、听觉、运动或躯体感觉症状。偏头痛发作经历4个阶段：前驱期、先兆期、头痛期和头痛后期。早期理论将偏头痛性头痛的疼痛与颅血管扩张联系起来，将先兆与随后的血管收缩联系起来。然而，目前的研究表明，遗传基础以及莱昂的皮质扩散性抑制是根本原因。了解伴先兆偏头痛的病理生理学、表现、评估和管理的复杂性，对医疗保健专业人员至关重要。采用协作团队方法可加强为受影响个体提供的全面护理。
