Lee Lois K, Chien Alyna, Stewart Amanda, Truschel Larissa, Hoffmann Jennifer, Portillo Elyse, Pace Lydia E, Clapp Mark, Galbraith Alison A
Lois K. Lee ( lois. lee@childrens. harvard. edu ) is a faculty physician in the Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, and an associate professor of pediatrics and emergency medicine at Harvard Medical School, both in Boston, Massachusetts.
Alyna Chien is a faculty physician in the Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and an assistant professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2020 Mar;39(3):387-394. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01361.
Women of working age (ages 19-64) faced specific challenges in obtaining health insurance coverage and health care before the Affordable Care Act. Multiple factors contributed to women's experiencing uninsurance, underinsurance, and increased financial burdens related to obtaining health care. This literature review summarizes evidence on the law's effects on women's health care and health and finds improvements in overall coverage, access to health care, affordability, preventive care use, mental health care, use of contraceptives, and perinatal outcomes. Despite major progress after the Affordable Care Act's implementation, barriers to coverage, access, and affordability remain, and serious threats to women's health still exist. Highlighting the law's effects on women's health is critical for informing future policies directed toward the continuing improvement of women's health care and health.
在《平价医疗法案》出台之前，处于工作年龄（19至64岁）的女性在获得医疗保险覆盖范围和医疗保健方面面临着特殊挑战。多种因素导致女性面临无保险、保险不足以及与获得医疗保健相关的经济负担增加的情况。这篇文献综述总结了关于该法律对女性医疗保健和健康影响的证据，并发现总体覆盖范围、获得医疗保健的机会、可承受性、预防性保健的使用、心理健康护理、避孕药具的使用以及围产期结局都有所改善。尽管《平价医疗法案》实施后取得了重大进展，但覆盖范围、获得医疗保健的机会和可承受性方面的障碍仍然存在，对女性健康的严重威胁依然存在。突出该法律对女性健康的影响对于为未来旨在持续改善女性医疗保健和健康的政策提供信息至关重要。
