Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mail Stop US12-2, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA; and Corresponding author. Email:
Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mail Stop US12-2, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Sex Health. 2020 Apr;17(2):103-113. doi: 10.1071/SH19105.
In the past two decades, major advances in biomedical intervention approaches to prevent HIV and many sexually transmissible infections (STIs) have shown great promise. However, challenges to prevention remain in the area of achieving population-level impact for biomedical prevention approaches. In this paper we address what social and behavioural research approaches can contribute beyond well-known behaviour change and counselling interventions. We organise work into five areas. Adherence and disinhibition research is primarily into individual-level constructs pertaining to maximising intervention effectiveness. Coverage research represents a population-level construct germane to maximising efficient prioritisation for prevention. Research covering social determinants, a second population-level construct, contributes to both prioritisation and effectiveness. Finally, disparities and social inequities need to be incorporated into prevention, given the pervasive and persistent disparities found in rates of HIV and STIs and in their antecedents.
在过去的二十年中，生物医学干预措施在预防 HIV 和许多性传播感染（STIs）方面取得了重大进展，前景十分广阔。然而，在实现生物医学预防方法的人群层面影响方面，仍然存在挑战。本文探讨了社会行为研究方法除了众所周知的行为改变和咨询干预之外还能做出哪些贡献。我们将工作组织成五个领域。依从性和去抑制研究主要涉及与最大化干预效果相关的个体层面结构。覆盖范围研究代表了与最大化预防的有效优先级排序相关的人群层面结构。涵盖社会决定因素的研究，作为第二个人群层面结构，有助于优先级排序和效果。最后，鉴于 HIV 和 STIs 及其前因的发生率以及普遍存在和持续存在的差异和社会不平等，需要将其纳入预防措施。
