Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Cells. 2020 Feb 29;9(3):579. doi: 10.3390/cells9030579.
Heme is a ubiquitous and essential iron containing metallo-organic cofactor required for virtually all aerobic life. Heme synthesis is initiated and completed in mitochondria, followed by certain covalent modifications and/or its delivery to apo-hemoproteins residing throughout the cell. While the biochemical aspects of heme biosynthetic reactions are well understood, the trafficking of newly synthesized heme-a highly reactive and inherently toxic compound-and its subsequent delivery to target proteins remain far from clear. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about heme biosynthesis and trafficking within and outside of the mitochondria.
血红素是一种普遍存在且必需的含铁金属有机辅因子，几乎所有需氧生物都需要它。血红素的合成始于线粒体并完成于线粒体，随后会发生某些共价修饰和/或血红素向遍布细胞的脱辅基血红蛋白的输送。虽然血红素生物合成反应的生化方面已经得到很好的理解，但新合成的血红素（一种高反应性和固有毒性的化合物）的运输及其随后向靶蛋白的输送仍然远未清楚。在这篇综述中，我们总结了血红素生物合成和在内外线粒体中的运输的最新知识。
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