Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to the Environment - APAE UR17ES32 Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia, University of Monastir, Mahdia, Tunisia E-mail:
J Water Health. 2020 Feb;18(1):1-7. doi: 10.2166/wh.2019.103.
Hospitals' effluents contain a considerable amount of chemicals. Considering the significant volume of wastewater discharged by hospitals, the presence of these chemicals represents a real threat to the environment and human health. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo and in vitro genotoxicities of three wastewater effluents collected from Tunisian hospitals. The liver of Swiss albino male mice, previously treated with different doses of the hospital wastewaters, was used as a model to detect DNA fragmentation. Our results showed all the hospital effluents caused significant qualitative and quantitative hazards in hepatic DNA. The wastewater collected from Sfax hospital exhibited the highest genotoxic effect, which may be explained by the presence in this effluent of some toxic micropolluants. There was a significant increase in genotoxicity, proportionally to the concentration of effluent. However, the vitotox assay did not show any significant genotoxicity on Salmonella typhimurium TA104 in the presence or absence of microsomal fraction S9. The ratio gentox/cytox was lower than the threshold 1.5. This study assessed the toxicological risk issued from Tunisian hospital wastewaters, which is potentially very harmful, and it has been pointed out that wastewater treatment requires special attention.
医院废水中含有大量的化学物质。考虑到医院排放的废水数量巨大，这些化学物质的存在对环境和人类健康构成了真正的威胁。因此，本研究旨在评估从突尼斯三家医院采集的三种废水的体内和体外遗传毒性。瑞士白化雄性小鼠的肝脏，事先用不同剂量的医院废水处理，用作检测 DNA 片段化的模型。我们的结果表明，所有医院废水对肝 DNA 均造成定性和定量的危害。来自斯法克斯医院的废水表现出最高的遗传毒性作用，这可能是由于该废水中存在一些有毒的微量污染物。遗传毒性随着废水浓度的增加呈显著增加。然而，在存在或不存在微粒体部分 S9 的情况下，沙门氏菌 typhimurium TA104 的 vitotox 测定均未显示出任何明显的遗传毒性。gentox/cytox 比值低于阈值 1.5。本研究评估了突尼斯医院废水所带来的毒理学风险，这可能是非常有害的，并且已经指出，废水处理需要特别关注。
