Atkinson Arthur J
Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Transl Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Jun;25(2):53-58. doi: 10.12793/tcp.2017.25.2.53. Epub 2017 Jun 15.
The bioavailability of a drug is usually assessed in healthy subjects. However, it is reasonable to expect that significant alterations in bioavailability may occur in actual patients with different diseases or in individuals belonging to special populations. Relatively few studies have been conducted to examine this possibility. The stable isotope method is well suited to compare absolute bioavailability in patients and healthy subjects. Studies in which this method was used indicate that significant changes in the bioavailability of some drugs are particularly likely in patients with advanced liver disease and in those whose splanchnic blood flow is reduced. The expectation is that bioavailability in neonates, children, and pregnant women may also differ from that in non-pregnant adults.
药物的生物利用度通常在健康受试者中进行评估。然而，可以合理预期，患有不同疾病的实际患者或属于特殊人群的个体，其生物利用度可能会发生显著改变。针对这种可能性进行的研究相对较少。稳定同位素法非常适合比较患者和健康受试者的绝对生物利用度。使用该方法的研究表明，某些药物的生物利用度在晚期肝病患者以及内脏血流量减少的患者中尤其可能发生显著变化。预计新生儿、儿童和孕妇的生物利用度也可能与非孕成年人不同。
