School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Pediatr Diabetes. 2020 Jun;21(4):664-672. doi: 10.1111/pedi.13001. Epub 2020 Mar 11.
This study examined the relationship between disordered eating (DE), body dissatisfaction (BD), and psychological variables; and identified correlates of DE in youth with type 1 diabetes.
Data were from the Diabetes Management and Impact for Long-Term Empowerment and Success Youth Study-Australia, an online survey assessing the psychosocial impact of type 1 diabetes. Adolescents (N = 477; mean age 16 ± 2 years) with type 1 diabetes for at least 1 year, completed the Diabetes Eating Problem Survey-Revised, measures of BD, quality of life, well-being, depressive and anxiety symptoms, diabetes distress, and resilience.
DE correlated positively (moderate-large) with depressive and anxiety symptoms, diabetes distress, and BD; and negatively (moderate-large) with well-being, quality of life, and resilience. In contrast, BD correlated (moderately) with all psychological variables in females only. In the stepwise regression, high diabetes distress and BD were the strongest predictors of DE. While the magnitude of BD was almost five times higher in females, the level of DE risk across genders did not differ when BD was added into the model, which overall explained 71% of the variance.
This study explored potential risk and protective factors associated with DE. The novel finding that diabetes distress is a strong indicator of DE provides preliminary support for its inclusion into future risk models and potential target for intervention. Longitudinal studies are required to map how these factors predict changes over time with greater emphasis needed into understanding the gender-specific risks associated with BD, particularly during more difficult developmental phases, such as adolescence to young adulthood.
本研究考察了饮食失调（DE）、身体不满（BD）与心理变量之间的关系，并确定了 1 型糖尿病青少年中 DE 的相关因素。
数据来自于澳大利亚的糖尿病管理和长期赋权与成功青年研究-糖尿病管理和影响研究，这是一项在线调查，评估了 1 型糖尿病的心理社会影响。至少患有 1 年 1 型糖尿病的青少年（N=477；平均年龄 16±2 岁）完成了经过修订的糖尿病饮食问题调查、BD、生活质量、幸福感、抑郁和焦虑症状、糖尿病困扰和适应力的测量。
DE 与抑郁和焦虑症状、糖尿病困扰和 BD 呈正相关（中等-较大）；与幸福感、生活质量和适应力呈负相关（中等-较大）。相比之下，BD 仅与女性的所有心理变量中度相关。在逐步回归中，高糖尿病困扰和 BD 是 DE 的最强预测因素。尽管女性的 BD 程度几乎高出五倍，但当将 BD 纳入模型时，男女之间的 DE 风险水平并无差异，总体上解释了 71%的方差。
本研究探讨了与 DE 相关的潜在风险和保护因素。糖尿病困扰是 DE 的一个强有力指标，这一新颖的发现为其纳入未来风险模型和潜在的干预目标提供了初步支持。需要进行纵向研究，以了解这些因素如何随时间预测变化，同时需要更加关注 BD 与性别相关的特定风险，特别是在更困难的发展阶段，如青少年到成年早期。
