School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney 2567, Australia.
School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney 2567, Australia.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2020 Aug;45(8):865-874. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0636. Epub 2020 Mar 5.
Effects of training and sex on oxygen uptake dynamics during exercise in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are not well established. We tested the hypotheses that exercise training improves the time constant of the primary phase of oxygen uptake (τ oxygen uptake) and with greater effect in males than females. Forty-one subjects with T2DM were assigned to 2 training groups (T, T) and 2 control groups (C, C), and were assessed before and after a 12-week intervention period. Twelve weeks of aerobic/resistance training was performed 3 times per week, 60-90 min per session. Assessments included ventilatory threshold (VT), peak oxygen uptake, τ oxygen uptake (80%VT), and dynamic responses of cardiac output, mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular conductance (80%VT). Training significantly decreased τ oxygen uptake in males by a mean of 20% (T = 42.7 ± 6.2 to 34.3 ± 7.2 s) and females by a mean of 16% (T = 42.2 ± 9.3 to 35.4 ± 8.6 s); whereas τ oxygen uptake was not affected in controls (C = 41.6 ± 9.8 to 42.9 ± 7.6 s; C = 40.4 ± 12.2 to 40.6 ± 13.4 s). Training increased peak oxygen uptake in both sexes (12%-13%) but did not alter systemic cardiovascular dynamics in either sex. Training improved oxygen uptake dynamics to a similar extent in males and females in the absence of changes in systemic cardiovascular dynamics. Similar training improvements in oxygen uptake dynamics were observed in males and females with T2DM. In both sexes these improvements occurred without changes in systemic cardiovascular dynamics.
运动训练和性别对 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者运动时摄氧量动力学的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在验证以下假设：运动训练可降低摄氧量（氧摄取）主要时相的时间常数（τ oxygen uptake），且男性的改善效果优于女性。41 例 T2DM 患者被分为 2 个训练组（T、T）和 2 个对照组（C、C），并在 12 周干预前后进行评估。12 周的有氧/抗阻训练每周进行 3 次，每次 60-90min。评估指标包括通气阈（VT）、峰值摄氧量、氧摄取主要时相的时间常数（80%VT）以及心输出量、平均动脉压和全身血管阻力（80%VT）的动态反应。训练使男性的τ oxygen uptake 平均降低 20%（T 组：42.7±6.2s 降至 34.3±7.2s），女性平均降低 16%（T 组：42.2±9.3s 降至 35.4±8.6s）；而对照组的τ oxygen uptake 没有变化（C 组：41.6±9.8s 至 42.9±7.6s；C 组：40.4±12.2s 至 40.6±13.4s）。训练使两性的峰值摄氧量均增加了 12%-13%，但对两性的全身心血管动力学没有影响。在不改变全身心血管动力学的情况下，训练可使男性和女性的摄氧量动力学得到相似程度的改善。T2DM 患者中，无论性别如何，摄氧量动力学均出现相似的训练改善。在两性中，这些改善均不伴有全身心血管动力学的改变。
