Yu Weiwei, Wu Ziyi, Zhao Ping
Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China.
Med Hypotheses. 2020 Jul;140:109647. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109647. Epub 2020 Feb 26.
Mounting evidence has shown that general anesthetic agents commonly used clinically can cause anesthetic-related neurotoxicity in the developing brains of mammals, potentially causing long-term neurological impairment. This results in growing interest and concern among the public. Here, we present an overview of the relevant findings from non-human primates, arguably the very best model for studies of developmental neurotoxicity. These studies have shown that varying degrees of neurodegeneration occur as a result of anesthesia type, duration/dose of exposure, the timing of exposure, and brain region of interest, combined with subsequent alterations in cognitive assessments. Specifically, the rapid advancement of minimally or non-invasive neuroimaging methodologies and availability provided more sophisticated techniques for investigating brain structure and function. Neuroimaging methodologies have shown some of their most significant promise in studies of anesthetic-induced developmental neurotoxicity.
越来越多的证据表明，临床上常用的全身麻醉剂可在哺乳动物发育中的大脑中引起麻醉相关的神经毒性，有可能导致长期神经功能损害。这引发了公众越来越多的兴趣和关注。在此，我们概述了来自非人灵长类动物的相关研究结果，非人灵长类动物可以说是研究发育性神经毒性的最佳模型。这些研究表明，由于麻醉类型、暴露的持续时间/剂量、暴露时间以及感兴趣的脑区不同，会发生不同程度的神经退行性变，并伴有随后认知评估的改变。具体而言，微创或无创神经成像方法的迅速发展及其可用性为研究脑结构和功能提供了更复杂的技术。神经成像方法在麻醉诱导的发育性神经毒性研究中显示出了一些最显著的前景。
