Kochs E, Blanc I, Werner C, Schulte am Esch J
Abteilung für Anaesthesiologie, Universität-Krankenhaus Eppendorf, Hamburg.
Anaesthesist. 1988 Oct;37(10):625-30.
Because of its analgesic potency without affecting consciousness, low-dose ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) has been advocated for traumatized patients in order to ensure the possibility of neurological assessment. This study describes the effects of 0.5 mg/kg ketamine on spontaneous and evoked brain electrical activity.
Nine unpremedicated, healthy volunteers aged 22-35 years and free of CNS-active drugs took part in the study. The EEG was recorded from C3P3, C4P4, and vertex versus linked earlobes (Cz/A1-A2) (bandpass: 1-45 Hz). For artefact control the electro-oculogram (EOG) was recorded from supra- and infraorbital electrodes with the same filter settings. EEG and EOG were stored on magnetic tape and were digitized off-line (sampling rate: 100/s) followed by Fourier transformation (epoch-length: 5.2 s). Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were elicited by constant current pulses at the median nerve near the wrist. Recording sites were at the cervical spine (Cv6), the ipsi- and contralateral somatosensory projection area, and the vertex (Cz) vs a frontal reference (Fz). Bandpass: 10-2000 Hz, stimulation frequency: 4 Hz, twofold motor threshold, analysis time: 100 ms. Electrocardiogram, blood pressure, and arterial oxygen saturation (pulse oximeter) were monitored continuously. After an adaptation session of 30-45 min, 0.5 mg ketamine was administered intravenously. EEG and SEP were recorded for the following 45-60 min. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Scheffé-test if appropriate (P less than or equal to 0.05).
All subjects lost consciousness within 45-110 s (mean: 70 s) after administration of ketamine. Mean blood pressure levels increased by about 20% and heart rate by about 10% after 5-10 min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
由于低剂量氯胺酮（0.5毫克/千克）具有镇痛效力且不影响意识，已有人主张将其用于创伤患者，以确保进行神经学评估的可能性。本研究描述了0.5毫克/千克氯胺酮对自发和诱发脑电活动的影响。
9名年龄在22 - 35岁、未使用术前药、健康且未服用中枢神经系统活性药物的志愿者参与了该研究。脑电图记录于C3P3、C4P4以及头顶与双侧耳垂相连处（Cz/A1 - A2）（带通：1 - 45赫兹）。为控制伪迹，眼电图（EOG）通过相同滤波设置从眶上和眶下电极记录。脑电图和眼电图存储在磁带上，并离线数字化（采样率：100/秒），随后进行傅里叶变换（时段长度：5.2秒）。体感诱发电位（SEP）由腕部附近正中神经处的恒流脉冲诱发。记录部位为颈椎（Cv6）、同侧和对侧体感投射区以及头顶（Cz）与额部参考点（Fz）。带通：10 - 2000赫兹，刺激频率：4赫兹，两倍运动阈值，分析时间：100毫秒。连续监测心电图、血压和动脉血氧饱和度（脉搏血氧仪）。在30 - 45分钟的适应期后，静脉注射0.5毫克氯胺酮。在接下来的45 - 60分钟内记录脑电图和体感诱发电位。数据在适当情况下进行方差分析（ANOVA）和谢费检验（P小于或等于0.05）。
所有受试者在注射氯胺酮后45 - 110秒内（平均：70秒）失去意识。5 - 10分钟后平均血压水平升高约20%，心率升高约10%。（摘要截断于250字）
