Gerdtz Marie, Yap Celene Y L, Daniel Catherine, Knott Jonathan C, Kelly Peter, Innes Andrew, Braitberg George
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2020 Oct;29(5):796-807. doi: 10.1111/inm.12710. Epub 2020 Mar 6.
Amphetamine-type stimulant use, including methamphetamine, amphetamine, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, is associated with a range of behavioural symptoms. Screening for amphetamine-type stimulant use among people presenting to the emergency department with behavioural disturbance and referral to treatment has not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of amphetamine-type stimulant use among patients admitted to a behavioural assessment unit and report referral outcomes. A prospective observational design was used. Individuals who tested positive or self-reported amphetamine-type stimulant use were referred to the alcohol and other drug clinician. We measured the prevalence of amphetamine-type stimulant use in saliva and by self-report along with rates of referral. The setting was a behavioural assessment unit located within an Australian emergency department. Admitted adults were enrolled from July to December 2017. Those who tested positive or self-reported amphetamine-type stimulant use were provided with harm reduction advice and offered referral. Four hundred and seventy-two tests were performed. Fifteen were excluded due to invalid results or redundant enrolment. Of the 457 individuals, 59% were male, with a mean age of 35 years (SD 13). Fifty-three (11.6%, 95% CI: 8.9-15.0) tested positive for amphetamine-type stimulants. Of those with a negative test, 44 (9.6%, 95% CI: 7.3-12.7) self-reported amphetamine-type stimulant use in the previous 24 hours. The prevalence of amphetamine-type stimulant use was 21.2% (95% CI: 17.7-25.2). Most accepted referral to the alcohol and other drug clinician (85.6%, 95% CI 77.2-91.2). The emergency visit represents a window of opportunity for screening for amphetamine-type stimulant use and initiating referrals.
使用苯丙胺类兴奋剂，包括甲基苯丙胺、苯丙胺和3,4-亚甲基二氧甲基苯丙胺，与一系列行为症状有关。对于因行为障碍前往急诊科就诊的人群进行苯丙胺类兴奋剂使用情况筛查并转诊接受治疗，这方面尚未得到评估。本研究的目的是确定入住行为评估单元的患者中苯丙胺类兴奋剂的使用 prevalence 并报告转诊结果。采用前瞻性观察设计。检测呈阳性或自我报告使用苯丙胺类兴奋剂的个体被转介给酒精和其他药物临床医生。我们通过唾液检测和自我报告测量了苯丙胺类兴奋剂的使用 prevalence 以及转诊率。研究地点是澳大利亚一家急诊科内的行为评估单元。2017年7月至12月纳入了入院的成年人。那些检测呈阳性或自我报告使用苯丙胺类兴奋剂的人得到了减少伤害的建议并被提供了转诊服务。共进行了472次检测。15次因结果无效或重复入组而被排除。在457名个体中，59%为男性，平均年龄35岁（标准差13）。53人（11.6%，95%置信区间：8.9 - 15.0）苯丙胺类兴奋剂检测呈阳性。在检测为阴性的人中，44人（9.6%，95%置信区间：7.3 - 12.7）在过去24小时内自我报告使用过苯丙胺类兴奋剂。苯丙胺类兴奋剂的使用 prevalence 为21.2%（95%置信区间：17.7 - 25.2）。大多数人接受了转介给酒精和其他药物临床医生（85.6%，95%置信区间77.2 - 91.2）。急诊就诊是筛查苯丙胺类兴奋剂使用情况并启动转诊的一个机会窗口。 （注：“prevalence”常见释义为“流行率”“患病率”等，这里根据语境灵活翻译为“情况”，使译文更通顺）
