Kirchengast Sylvia, Hartmann Beda
University of Vienna, Department of Anthropology, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
Danube Hospital, Vienna, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vienna, Austria.
Anthropol Anz. 2020 Apr 30;77(2):173-181. doi: 10.1127/anthranz/2020/1137.
The association patterns between fetal biometry at the first, second and third trimester and neonatal size were analyzed using a dataset of 3814 singleton term birth taking place at the Viennese Danube hospital in Austria between 2005 and 2013. In this electronic medical record-based study, fetal biometry was estimated by the results of three ultrasound examinations carried out at the 11/12, 20/21 and 32/33week of gestation. In detail, crown-rump length, biparietal diameter, fronto-occipital diameter, head circumference, abdominal transverse diameter, abdominal anterior-posterior diameter, abdominal circumference, and femur length were determined. Birth weight, birth length and head circumference were measured within one hour after birth. Fetal head size, abdominal dimensions and femur length intercorrelated positively from the second trimester onwards and correlated significantly positively with neonatal size (r = 0.04 to 0.46). Despite these allometric associations between fetal and newborn parameters, principal component analyses showed that parameters indicating body fat/weight, head or brain size and skeletal growth load on separate components. Consequently, under optimal circumstances during pregnancy, head growth, fat accumulation and skeletal growth show independent incremental patterns from the second trimester onwards.
利用2005年至2013年间在奥地利维也纳多瑙河医院出生的3814例单胎足月分娩数据集，分析了孕早期、中期和晚期胎儿生物测量与新生儿大小之间的关联模式。在这项基于电子病历的研究中，胎儿生物测量是通过在妊娠11/12周、20/21周和32/33周进行的三次超声检查结果来估计的。具体而言，测定了头臀长、双顶径、额枕径、头围、腹横径、腹前后径、腹围和股骨长度。出生体重、出生身长和头围在出生后一小时内测量。从孕中期开始，胎儿头部大小、腹部尺寸和股骨长度之间呈正相关，并且与新生儿大小呈显著正相关（r = 0.04至0.46）。尽管胎儿和新生儿参数之间存在这些异速生长关联，但主成分分析表明，指示身体脂肪/体重、头部或大脑大小以及骨骼生长的参数分别加载在不同的成分上。因此，在孕期最佳情况下，从孕中期开始，头部生长、脂肪堆积和骨骼生长呈现独立的递增模式。
