Appalachian State University, Department of Health and Exercise Science, 1179 State Farm Rd, Boone, NC 28608.
Texas A&M University, Department of Animal Science, 2471 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843.
Nutr Res. 2020 Apr;76:9-19. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.02.005. Epub 2020 Feb 8.
Postmenopausal status is associated with an increase in total and abdominal body fat as well as increased incidence of insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to determine if watermelon supplementation affects select systemic markers of atherosclerosis and measures of insulin resistance in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. We hypothesized that overweight and obese postmenopausal women consuming 100% watermelon puree daily for 6 weeks would have improved levels of select systemic markers connected with cardiovascular disease without changing markers of insulin resistance. To test this hypothesis, overweight and obese postmenopausal women were recruited to participate in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to either the control group (no intervention) or the watermelon puree group (WM) for 6 weeks. Plasma concentration of markers connected with atherosclerosis and glycemic control were measured pre- and poststudy. A significant 6% decrease in soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 occurred pre- to poststudy in WM, P = .003. The pattern of change in fasting blood glucose (P = .633), insulin (P = .158), and homeostatic model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (P = .174) did not differ between groups. Pre- to poststudy increases were measured in the fasting plasma concentration of l-arginine (8%, P = .005), cis-lycopene (32%, P = .003), and trans-lycopene (42%, P = .003) in WM. We conclude that 6 weeks of watermelon supplementation improved soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels, a marker connected to atherogenesis, independent of changes in body composition or glycemic control.
绝经后状态与全身脂肪和腹部脂肪增加以及胰岛素抵抗和心血管疾病的发生率增加有关。本研究的目的是确定西瓜补充剂是否会影响超重和肥胖绝经后妇女的某些动脉粥样硬化系统标志物和胰岛素抵抗的测量值。我们假设，超重和肥胖绝经后妇女每天食用 100%西瓜泥 6 周，会改善与心血管疾病相关的某些系统性标志物的水平，而不会改变胰岛素抵抗的标志物。为了验证这一假设，招募了超重和肥胖的绝经后妇女参加这项研究。参与者被随机分配到对照组（无干预）或西瓜泥组（WM）6 周。在研究前后测量与动脉粥样硬化和血糖控制相关的标志物的血浆浓度。WM 组可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1 的浓度在研究前后显著降低了 6%，P=0.003。空腹血糖（P=0.633）、胰岛素（P=0.158）和稳态模型评估估计的胰岛素抵抗（P=0.174）的变化模式在两组之间没有差异。WM 组空腹血浆 l-精氨酸（8%，P=0.005）、顺式番茄红素（32%，P=0.003）和反式番茄红素（42%，P=0.003）的浓度在研究前后均有升高。我们得出结论，6 周的西瓜补充剂可改善可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1 水平，该标志物与动脉粥样硬化形成有关，与身体成分或血糖控制的变化无关。
