Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
National Center of Ocean Standards and Metrology, Tianjin, 300112, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 May;27(14):16841-16852. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08239-9. Epub 2020 Mar 6.
Dynamic oil release from oil-contaminated sediment to seawater was investigated in kinetic and factor experiments. Oil-release kinetic was described using a two-compartment first-order equation with rapid- and slow-release steps. The rapid-desorption-fraction rate (k) was not affected by the ratio of solid-liquid, but significantly affected by sediment pollution level and salinity. The slow-desorption-fraction rate constant (k) was affected by sediment pollution level, the ratio of solid-liquid, and salinity. Desorption efficiencies were 1.09-4.04%, increasing as the sediment pollution level and salinity increased and the ratio of solid-liquid decreased. Oil desorption was critically affected by sediment suspension (or lack of). The desorption kinetics curves were unaffected with the shear force for unsuspended sediment, and the desorption efficiency and k were increasing with the shear force for suspended sediment, and no significant correlations were found between k and hydrodynamic conditions. The results provide a theoretical basis for evaluating ecological risks posed by oil in sediment.
从受油污染的沉积物向海水中的动态油释放进行了动力学和因素实验研究。采用两室一级方程描述了油释放动力学，该方程具有快速和慢速释放步骤。快速解吸分数速率（k）不受固液比的影响，但受沉积物污染水平和盐度的显著影响。慢速解吸分数常数（k）受沉积物污染水平、固液比和盐度的影响。解吸效率为 1.09-4.04%，随着沉积物污染水平和盐度的增加以及固液比的降低而增加。油的解吸受到沉积物悬浮（或缺乏）的严重影响。对于未悬浮的沉积物，解吸动力学曲线不受剪切力的影响，对于悬浮的沉积物，解吸效率和 k 随剪切力的增加而增加，并且在 k 和水动力条件之间没有发现显著相关性。研究结果为评估沉积物中石油造成的生态风险提供了理论依据。
