Biochemical and morphological characterization of SEPT1 in mouse brain.

Septins are a highly conserved family of GTPases which are identified in diverse organisms ranging from yeast to humans. In mammals, nervous tissues abundantly contain septins and associations of septins with neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease have been reported. However, roles of septins in the brain development have not been fully understood. In this study, we produced a specific antibody against mouse SEPT1 and carried out biochemical and morphological characterization of SEPT1. When the expression profile of SEPT1 during mouse brain development was analyzed by western blotting, we found that SEPT1 expression began to increase after birth and the increase continued until postnatal day 22. Subcellular fractionation of mouse brain and subsequent western blot analysis revealed the distribution of SEPT1 in synaptic fractions. Immunofluorescent analyses showed the localization of SEPT1 at synapses in primary cultured mouse hippocampal neurons. We also found the distribution of SEPT1 at synapses in mouse brain by immunohistochemistry. These results suggest that SEPT1 participates in various synaptic events such as the signaling, the neurotransmitter release, and the synapse formation/maintenance.