Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, Ireland; Institute of Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland.
Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, Ireland.
J Dairy Sci. 2020 May;103(5):4455-4465. doi: 10.3168/jds.2019-17552. Epub 2020 Mar 5.
The objective of this study was to compare the economic performance of 2 sward types [perennial ryegrass (PRG; Lolium perenne L.) sown with or without white clover (Trifolium repens L.)] grazed by 3 cow genotypes. Physical performance data were collected from a 4-yr systems experiment based at Clonakilty Agricultural College, Clonakilty, Co. Cork, Ireland. The experiment compared 2 sward types (PRG-only swards and PRG-white clover swards), with each sward type being grazed by cows from 3 genotypes [Holstein-Friesian (HF), Jersey × HF (JEX), and Norwegian Red × JEX (3-way)]. All systems were stocked at 2.75 cows/ha with fixed fertilizer applications and concentrate supplementation. The data supplied 6 production systems (2 sward types × 3 cow genotypes). The production systems were modeled using the Moorepark Dairy Systems Model (stochastic budgetary simulation model) under 2 scenarios, one in which land area was fixed and one in which cow numbers were fixed. The analysis was completed across a range of milk prices, calf prices, and reseeding programs. The analysis showed that in the fixed-land scenario with a milk price of €0.29/L, adding white clover to PRG swards increased profitability by €305/ha. In the same fixed-land scenario, JEX cows were most profitable (€2,606/ha), followed by 3-way (€2,492/ha) and HF (€2,468/ha) cows. In the fixed-cow scenario, net profit per cow was €128 greater for PRG-white clover swards compared with PRG-only swards. In this scenario, JEX was the most profitable per cow (€877), followed by HF (€855) and 3-way (€831). The system that produced the highest net profit was JEX cows grazing PRG-white clover swards (€2,751/ha). Regardless of reseeding frequency or variations in calf value, JEX cows grazing PRG-white clover swards consistently produced the highest net profit per hectare.
本研究的目的是比较 2 种草地类型（黑麦草（Lolium perenne L.）单播与混播白三叶（Trifolium repens L.））在 3 种奶牛基因型下的经济表现。物理性能数据来自于爱尔兰科克郡克隆利特农业学院的一个为期 4 年的系统实验。该实验比较了 2 种草地类型（黑麦草草地和黑麦草-白三叶草地），每种草地类型都由 3 种基因型的奶牛（荷斯坦-弗里森（HF）、泽西牛×HF（JEX）和挪威红牛×JEX（3 向））放牧。所有系统均以 2.75 头/公顷的密度进行放牧，固定施肥并补充精饲料。该数据提供了 6 个生产系统（2 种草地类型×3 种奶牛基因型）。使用 Moorepark 奶牛系统模型（随机预算模拟模型）在 2 种情景下对生产系统进行建模，一种情景是土地面积固定，另一种情景是奶牛数量固定。分析涵盖了一系列牛奶价格、小牛价格和重播计划。分析表明，在牛奶价格为 0.29 欧元/升的固定土地情景下，在黑麦草草地中添加白三叶可使盈利增加 305 欧元/公顷。在相同的固定土地情景下，泽西牛（JEX）最有利可图（2606 欧元/公顷），其次是 3 向（2492 欧元/公顷）和荷斯坦-弗里森（HF）（2468 欧元/公顷）。在固定奶牛情景下，与黑麦草草地相比，黑麦草-白三叶草地每头牛的净利润增加了 128 欧元。在这种情况下，泽西牛（JEX）每头牛的利润最高（877 欧元），其次是荷斯坦-弗里森（HF）（855 欧元）和 3 向（831 欧元）。产生最高净利润的系统是泽西牛（JEX）放牧黑麦草-白三叶草地（2751 欧元/公顷）。无论重播频率或小牛价值的变化如何，泽西牛（JEX）放牧黑麦草-白三叶草地始终能产生每公顷最高的净利润。
