Lesinski Melanie, Prieske Olaf, Chaabene Helmi, Granacher Urs
Division of Training and Movement Sciences, University of Potsdam, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, Potsdam, Germany.
J Strength Cond Res. 2021 Dec 1;35(Suppl 12):S90-S96. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003564.
Lesinski, M, Prieske, O, Chaabene, H, and Granacher, U. Seasonal effects of strength endurance vs. power training in young female soccer athletes. J Strength Cond Res 35(12S): S90-S96, 2021-This study examined the seasonal effects of strength endurance training (SET) vs. power training (PT) on physical fitness and body composition in young female soccer players. Thirty-six young female elite soccer players (15 ± 1 years; maturity offset +3 ± 1 years) were allocated to progressive SET (n = 19) or PT (n = 17). Over the course of one soccer season, SET performed slow movement velocity, moderate intensity (50-60% of the 1 repetition maximum [1RM]; 20-40 repetitions) strength exercises while PT performed moderate-to-high intensity (50-95% of the 1RM; 3-8 repetitions), high movement velocity strength exercises (2 sessions·wk-1). Before and after training, tests were performed for the assessment of muscle strength (1RM leg press), jump performance (countermovement jump [CMJ], drop jump [DJ]), muscular endurance (ventral Bourban test), linear speed (10 m, 20 m), change-of-direction (CoD) speed (T-test), dynamic balance (Y-balance test), sport-specific performance (kicking velocity), and body composition (lean body mass and fat mass). An analysis of covariance was used to test for between-group differences at post-test with baseline values as covariate. No significant between-group differences were observed in terms of total training volume over the respective soccer seasons (p = 0.069; d = 0.68). At post-test, SET showed significantly better ventral Bourban and T-test performances (d = 1.28-2.28; p = 0.000-0.001) compared with PT. However, PT resulted in significantly better 1RM leg press, DJ, 10-m, and 20-m sprint performances (d = 0.85-1.44; p = 0.000-0.026). No significant between-group differences were observed at post-test for CMJ, Y-balance test, kicking performance, and body composition (d = 0.20-0.74, p = 0.051-0.594). Our findings are mainly in accordance with the principle of training specificity. Both SET and PT are recommended to be implemented in young female elite soccer players according to the respective training period.
莱辛斯基，M，普里斯克，O，查阿贝内，H，以及格拉纳彻，U。力量耐力训练与功率训练对年轻女子足球运动员的季节性影响。《力量与体能研究杂志》35(12S): S90 - S96，2021年——本研究考察了力量耐力训练（SET）与功率训练（PT）对年轻女子足球运动员体能和身体成分的季节性影响。36名年轻女子精英足球运动员（15±1岁；成熟偏移+3±1岁）被分配到渐进式SET组（n = 19）或PT组（n = 17）。在一个足球赛季期间，SET组进行慢速运动速度、中等强度（1次重复最大值[1RM]的50 - 60%；20 - 40次重复）的力量练习，而PT组进行中等到高强度（1RM的50 - 95%；3 - 8次重复）、高运动速度的力量练习（每周2次训练）。在训练前后，进行测试以评估肌肉力量（腿举1RM）、跳跃成绩（纵跳[CMJ]、下落跳[DJ]）、肌肉耐力（腹侧布尔班测试）、直线速度（10米、20米）、变向（CoD）速度（T测试）、动态平衡（Y平衡测试）、专项运动表现（踢球速度）以及身体成分（瘦体重和脂肪量）。使用协方差分析以基线值作为协变量来检验测试后组间差异。在各自的足球赛季中，两组在总训练量方面未观察到显著的组间差异（p = 0.069；d = 0.68）。在测试后，与PT组相比，SET组在腹侧布尔班测试和T测试中的表现显著更好（d = 1.28 - 2.28；p = 0.000 - 0.001）。然而，PT组在腿举1RM、DJ、10米和20米短跑成绩方面显著更好（d = 0.85 - 1.44；p = 0.000 - 0.026）。在测试后，CMJ、Y平衡测试、踢球表现和身体成分方面未观察到显著的组间差异（d = 0.20 - 0.74，p = 0.051 - 0.594）。我们的研究结果主要符合训练特异性原则。建议根据各自的训练阶段，在年轻女子精英足球运动员中同时实施SET和PT。
