Sastre-Riba Sylvia
Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, España. E-mail:
Medicina (B Aires). 2020;80 Suppl 2:53-57.
Recent research demystifies and redefines high intellectual ability (HIA) against the traditional monolithic and static concept which was based on heritability and identification through an intelligence quotient. This concept is replaced by another in which the HIA is understood as a complex phenomenon of a genetic and environmental nature This is the result of a covariation along the life path between endogenous and exogenous forces, modulators of the high potential (predictor factor) towards the optimal expression, or not, of its eminence in adulthood. Then, HIA implies the conjunction of a starting biological diversity (the high potential), a psychological diversity related to the exploitation of biological resources in useful functions and knowledge, and a contextual diversity configured by different family conditions, as well as socio-cultural and economic contexts. The aim of this work is to present from a neuroconstructivist perspective a review of the current HIA research on the predictive and modulating factors. In the conclusions, we discuss the incidence of the modulating variables in the various trajectories of potential development towards possible adult eminence and the diagnostic and educational implications that are derived.
最近的研究对高智力（HIA）进行了揭秘，并对其进行了重新定义，摒弃了基于遗传力和通过智商识别的传统单一、静态概念。取而代之的是另一种概念，即高智力被理解为一种具有遗传和环境性质的复杂现象。这是沿着人生轨迹，内源和外源力量之间协变的结果，这些力量是高潜力（预测因素）朝着其在成年期卓越表现（或未表现）的最佳表达的调节因素。因此，高智力意味着起始生物多样性（高潜力）、与在有用功能和知识中利用生物资源相关的心理多样性以及由不同家庭条件以及社会文化和经济背景构成的背景多样性的结合。这项工作的目的是从神经建构主义的角度对当前关于预测和调节因素的高智力研究进行综述。在结论中，我们讨论了调节变量在朝着可能的成年卓越发展的各种潜在轨迹中的发生率以及由此产生的诊断和教育意义。
