MacDougall J M, Musante L, Castillo S, Acevedo M C
Department of Psychology, Eckerd College, St. Petersburg, FL 33733.
Health Psychol. 1988;7(5):461-78. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.7.5.461.
This study examined the independent and joint effects of cigarette smoking and caffeine consumption on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) reactions to stress in male and female college students. Following an initial physiological baseline, participants received one of four experimental treatments (paced smoking, caffeine, smoking plus caffeine, or neither) and had BP and HR measured before, during, and after two stressful tasks. The results revealed that, compared with the control condition, caffeine ingestion enhanced the magnitude of stress-induced systolic BP and HR reactions. Smoking combined additively with stress, and the joint effect of smoking and caffeine was no greater than either taken alone. Males and females were generally similar in their BP and HR responses to smoking, caffeine, and stress. Inconsistencies with previous research and possible physiological mechanisms underlying the observed effects are discussed.
本研究考察了吸烟和咖啡因摄入对男女大学生血压（BP）和心率（HR）应激反应的独立及联合效应。在初始生理基线之后，参与者接受四种实验处理之一（定时吸烟、咖啡因、吸烟加咖啡因或两者皆无），并在两项应激任务之前、期间和之后测量血压和心率。结果显示，与对照条件相比，摄入咖啡因增强了应激诱导的收缩压和心率反应的幅度。吸烟与应激具有相加作用，吸烟和咖啡因的联合效应不大于单独使用其中任何一种的效应。男性和女性在对吸烟、咖啡因和应激的血压及心率反应上总体相似。文中讨论了与先前研究不一致之处以及所观察到的效应背后可能的生理机制。
