Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ciencias Aplicadas-Tecnología de Materiales, La Marquesa Ocoyoacac, Edo. de México, Mexico.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas at San Antonio. One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2020;2118:3-20. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0319-2_1.
The increasing impact of metallic nanoparticles on life sciences has stimulated the development of new techniques and multiple improvements to the existing methods of manufacturing nanoparticles with tailored properties. Nanoparticles can be synthesized through a variety of physical and chemical methods. The choice of preparation procedure will depend on the physical and chemical characteristics required in the final product, such as size, dispersion, chemical miscibility, and optical properties, among others. Here we review basic practical procedures used for the preparation of protected and unprotected metallic nanoparticles and describe a number of experimental procedures based on colloidal chemistry methods. These include gold nanoparticle synthesis by reduction with trisodium citrate, ascorbic acid, or sugars in aqueous phase and nanoparticle passivation with alkanethiols, CTAB, or BSA. We also describe microwave-assisted synthesis, nanoparticle synthesis in ethylene glycol, and template-assisted synthesis with dendrimers, and, briefly, how to control nanoparticle shape (star-shaped and branched nanoparticles).
金属纳米粒子对生命科学的影响日益增加，刺激了新技术的发展和对现有方法的多次改进，以制造具有定制性质的纳米粒子。纳米粒子可以通过多种物理和化学方法合成。制备程序的选择将取决于最终产品所需的物理和化学特性，例如尺寸、分散性、化学混溶性和光学特性等。在这里，我们回顾了用于制备保护和非保护金属纳米粒子的基本实用程序，并描述了基于胶体化学方法的许多实验程序。这些包括在水相中用柠檬酸三钠、抗坏血酸或糖还原合成金纳米粒子，以及用巯基乙烷、CTAB 或 BSA 钝化纳米粒子。我们还描述了微波辅助合成、乙二醇中的纳米粒子合成以及与树状大分子的模板辅助合成，以及简要介绍如何控制纳米粒子的形状（星形和支化纳米粒子）。
