Kamyab Farahnaz, Gholami Mahboobe, Shaghaghi Fatemeh, Bidkhori Mohammad, Kamali Zahra
Department of Pediatrics, Hakim Hospital, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
Department of Midwifery, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2020 Jan 30;9:3. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_46_19. eCollection 2020.
The incidence of renal failure in children is increasing worldwide, and most renal diseases do not show clinical symptoms for the patient. Moreover, given the importance of screening for patient identification and prevention planning that result from screening, the present study was performed.
This cross-sectional study was performed on 292 children aged 7 years who referred to Neyshabur health centers during 2017-2018. In addition, sampling was clustered. The first urine sample was taken in the morning, and the dipstick test was performed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5 and Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and Pearson's tests.
Of the 292 children, 142 (48.6%) were male and 150 (51.4%) were female. All the boys had been circumcised. The children were 7-year-old. Urinary tract problems were present in 31 (10.61%) children. Urinary problems were observed in 163 children (55.82%) considering crystalluria. Some children had more than one type of urinary disorder. Pyuria was the most common disorder in 13 (8.7%) of the studied children, and proteinuria was the least common. Nitrite and hemoglobin were not found in the urine of the studied children. There was a statistically significant relationship between gender and white blood cell count ( < 0.001), crystalline oxalate ( = 0.004), and specific gravity ( = 0.009). There was also a statistically significant relationship between urinary-specific gravity and pH ( < 0.001).
Asymptomatic urinary problems may be identified by screening tests in school-aged children. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the exact cause of the obtained abnormal results and determine whether or not they are related to renal disease in order to reduce the number of people with untreated renal diseases in future.
全球范围内儿童肾衰竭的发病率正在上升，而且大多数肾脏疾病患者并无临床症状。此外，鉴于筛查对于患者识别和基于筛查结果的预防规划的重要性，开展了本研究。
本横断面研究对2017年至2018年期间转诊至内沙布尔健康中心的292名7岁儿童进行。此外，抽样采用整群抽样。早晨采集首次尿液样本并进行试纸条检测。使用SPSS 11.5软件以及曼-惠特尼检验、卡方检验和皮尔逊检验进行数据分析。
292名儿童中，142名（48.6%）为男性，150名（51.4%）为女性。所有男孩均已行包皮环切术。儿童年龄为7岁。31名（10.61%）儿童存在泌尿系统问题。考虑到结晶尿，163名儿童（55.82%）存在尿液问题。部分儿童有不止一种类型的泌尿系统疾病。脓尿是13名（8.7%）研究儿童中最常见的疾病，蛋白尿最不常见。研究儿童尿液中未发现亚硝酸盐和血红蛋白。性别与白细胞计数（<0.001）、草酸结晶（=0.004）及比重（=0.009）之间存在统计学显著相关性。尿比重与pH值之间也存在统计学显著相关性（<0.001）。
学龄儿童的无症状泌尿系统问题可通过筛查检测发现。因此，有必要确定所获异常结果的确切原因，并确定其是否与肾脏疾病相关，以便未来减少未治疗肾脏疾病患者的数量。
