Bioenergy and Catalysis Laboratory (CPM-LBK), Energy and Environment Research Division (ENE), Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
Environmental Engineering Institute (IIE), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Environ Sci Technol. 2020 Apr 7;54(7):4504-4514. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06359. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
Like conventional material products, waste is the last stage of the life cycle of engineered nanomaterials, which are then incinerated or stabilized before disposal. However, because of their special physical characteristics, the fate of the thermally treated nanomaterials may differ or not from the conventional ones. In this study the thermal release of metals from three nanomaterials, namely CuO, ZnO, and TiO, embedded in matrices containing organic and inorganic compounds was investigated by using an in-house developed setup. The latter, which combines a TGA (Thermogravimetric Analyzer) and an ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer), offers the possibility to gain simultaneously thermogravimetric and elemental information. It is shown that the matrix composition, such as chlorine and silicon, plays a key role in the evaporation of Cu and Zn at temperatures above 700 °C, while at relatively low temperatures (250 to 450 °C) the nanomaterials are most probably entrained in the flue gas independently of their chemical properties. Incineration experiments using a tubular furnace and subsequent ICP-MS (ICP Mass Spectrometry) analysis of the obtained residues allowed for quantification of the metal evaporation from the three nanomaterials.
与传统的物质产品一样，废弃是工程纳米材料生命周期的最后阶段，这些材料在处置前会进行焚烧或稳定化。然而，由于其特殊的物理特性，热处理纳米材料的命运可能与传统材料不同或相同。在这项研究中，通过使用内部开发的装置，研究了嵌入含有有机和无机化合物的基质中的三种纳米材料（氧化铜、氧化锌和二氧化钛）中金属的热释放情况。后者结合了热重分析仪（TGA）和电感耦合等离子体光学发射光谱仪（ICP-OES），可同时获得热重和元素信息。结果表明，基质组成（如氯和硅）在 700°C 以上时对 Cu 和 Zn 的蒸发起着关键作用，而在相对较低的温度（250 至 450°C）下，纳米材料很可能独立于其化学性质而被夹带在烟道气中。使用管式炉进行焚烧实验，并对获得的残留物进行 ICP-MS（电感耦合等离子体质谱）分析，可定量分析三种纳米材料中金属的蒸发情况。
