Csapo Robert, Pointner Helmut, Hoser Christian, Gföller Peter, Raschner Christian, Fink Christian
Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine & Health Tourism (ISAG), UMIT-Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Eduard-Wallnöfer-Zentrum 1, 6060 Hall, Austria.
Sporttherapie Huber & Mair-Private Practice, Steinbockallee 31, 6063 Rum, Austria.
Sports (Basel). 2020 Mar 6;8(3):30. doi: 10.3390/sports8030030.
Functional tests are used to facilitate return-to-sports decisions after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This study presents comprehensive physical fitness test data acquired in highly active patients within the first year after ACLR, for comparison between different grafts, age groups, and sexes. The outcomes from a specific seven-item test battery and isokinetic strength test data were extracted from a patient database. Results were compared to normative data from age- and sex-matched controls and between subgroups of patients. A total of 245 patients (94 women, 23.8 ± 8.4 years, pre-injury Tegner 7.4 ± 1.6) were tested 185 ± 44 days after surgery. In 116 patients (47.3%), one or more test results were classified as "poor" or "very poor" after comparison with normative data, with failures being most frequent during single-leg squat jump and plyometric strength tests. Test failures were more prevalent in adults than in adolescents <19 years (61.4%-62.2% vs. 24.5%, < 0.001) and in men (61.6% vs. 24.5%, < 0.001), but no differences were found between grafts. Isokinetic knee extensor strength was lower by 24.1% on the injured side. Six months after ACLR, nearly 50% of highly active patients presented with strength and functional fitness deficits. These deficits are particularly prevalent in older patients and men.
功能测试用于辅助前交叉韧带重建（ACLR）术后的重返运动决策。本研究展示了在ACLR术后第一年，高活动量患者所获得的全面身体素质测试数据，用于不同移植物、年龄组和性别的比较。从患者数据库中提取了特定七项测试组合的结果和等速肌力测试数据。将结果与年龄和性别匹配的对照组的标准数据以及患者亚组之间进行比较。共有245例患者（94名女性，年龄23.8±8.4岁，伤前Tegner评分为7.4±1.6）在术后185±44天接受测试。与标准数据相比，116例患者（47.3%）的一项或多项测试结果被归类为“差”或“非常差”，单腿深蹲跳和增强式肌力测试中的失败最为常见。测试失败在成年人中比19岁以下青少年更普遍（61.4%-62.2%对24.5%，P<0.001），在男性中也更普遍（61.6%对24.5%，P<0.001），但移植物之间未发现差异。受伤侧的等速膝关节伸肌力量降低了24.1%。ACLR术后六个月，近50%的高活动量患者存在力量和功能健康缺陷。这些缺陷在老年患者和男性中尤为普遍。
