Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Viruses. 2020 Mar 7;12(3):290. doi: 10.3390/v12030290.
Purinergic receptors are inflammatory mediators activated by extracellular nucleotides released by dying or injured cells. Several studies have described an important role for these receptors in HIV-1 entry, particularly regarding their activity on HIV-1 viral membrane fusion. Several reports identify purinergic receptor antagonists that inhibit HIV-1 membrane fusion; these drugs are suspected to act through antagonizing Env-chemokine receptor interactions. They also appear to abrogate activity of downstream mediators that potentiate activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Here we review the literature on purinergic receptors, the drugs that inhibit their function, and the evidence implicating these receptors in HIV-1 entry.
嘌呤能受体是由死亡或受伤细胞释放的细胞外核苷酸激活的炎症介质。有几项研究描述了这些受体在 HIV-1 进入中的重要作用，特别是它们在 HIV-1 病毒膜融合中的活性。有几项报告确定了嘌呤能受体拮抗剂可抑制 HIV-1 膜融合；这些药物被怀疑通过拮抗Env-趋化因子受体相互作用来发挥作用。它们似乎也消除了增强 NLRP3 炎性小体途径激活的下游介质的活性。在这里，我们回顾了嘌呤能受体、抑制其功能的药物以及这些受体在 HIV-1 进入中的作用的相关文献。
