Kim C S, Eldridge M A, Wanner A
Division of Pulmonary Disease, University of Miami School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Florida 33140.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1988 Dec;65(6):2744-51. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1988.65.6.2744.
Excessive airway mucus can alter both the mass and site of aerosol deposition, which, in turn, may affect airway responsiveness to inhaled materials. In six prone sheep, we therefore measured pulmonary airflow resistance (RL) and cumulative aerosol deposition during five standard breaths (AD5) at base line and 3 min after inhalation challenge with 2% carbachol in buffered saline (10 breaths, tidal volume = 500 ml) or after an intravenous loading dose of carbachol (3 micrograms/kg) followed by a constant infusion of 0.3 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 with and without instillation of 20 ml of a mucus simulant (MS) into the distal end of each of the main bronchi or 30 ml of MS into the right main bronchus only by means of a flexible fiber-optic bronchoscope. Before carbachol challenge, RL did not change with MS into either both lungs or one lung only. AD5 increased from 36 +/- 2% (SE) before to 42 +/- 2% after MS instillation into both lungs (P less than 0.05) but remained unchanged after MS into one lung. After carbachol inhalation, RL increased significantly by 154 +/- 20 before and 126 +/- 25% after MS into both lungs and 162 +/- 24 before and 178 +/- 31% after MS into one lung (P less than 0.05). When the percent increase in RL was normalized for total aerosol deposition (% delta RL/AD5), the normalized values were lower after MS (3.0 +/- 0.5) than before MS (4.4 +/- 0.3) into both lungs (P less than 0.05) but were not significantly different before and after MS into the right lung only.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
气道黏液过多会改变气溶胶沉积的量和部位，进而可能影响气道对吸入物质的反应性。因此，我们对6只俯卧的绵羊在基线时以及在吸入2%卡巴胆碱的缓冲盐溶液（10次呼吸，潮气量 = 500毫升）进行激发后3分钟，或者在静脉注射卡巴胆碱负荷剂量（3微克/千克）后持续输注0.3微克·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹的情况下，测量了肺气流阻力（RL）和5次标准呼吸期间的累积气溶胶沉积（AD5），其中在两种情况下，均通过可弯曲纤维支气管镜向每个主支气管远端注入20毫升黏液模拟物（MS），或者仅向右主支气管注入30毫升MS。在卡巴胆碱激发前，向双肺或仅向一侧肺注入MS时，RL均无变化。向双肺注入MS后，AD5从注入前的36±2%（标准误）增加到42±2%（P<0.05），而向一侧肺注入MS后AD5保持不变。吸入卡巴胆碱后，向双肺注入MS前RL显著增加154±20%，注入后增加126±25%；向一侧肺注入MS前RL增加162±24%，注入后增加178±31%（P<0.05）。当将RL的增加百分比相对于总气溶胶沉积进行标准化（%ΔRL/AD5）时，向双肺注入MS后的标准化值（3.0±0.5）低于注入前（4.4±0.3）（P<0.05），但仅向右肺注入MS前后无显著差异。（摘要截断于250字）
