University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia,
Psychiatr Danub. 2019 Dec;31(Suppl 5):745-749.
Anaphylaxis is an unanticipated systemic hypersensitivity reaction which can produce deleterious effects, even death, if not treated promptly. Preventive approach implies taking a thorough anamnesis with the emphasis on previously diagnosed allergies. If an allergic reaction occurred during previous surgery, a detailed documentation of administered anaesthetic agents and drugs would be crucial for the following anaesthesiologic management. Preoperative planning and avoiding cross-reactivity with drugs commonly used during anaesthesia are the key points to prevent an anaphylaxis. In case of emergency surgery when the exact identification of allergens is not possible, premedication prophylaxis should be considered. General measures for prevention of anaphylaxis could be undertaken as well, such as the choice of anaesthesiologic drugs and techniques in the operating theatre adequately equipped for the management of predictable anaphylaxis.
过敏反应是一种意外的全身性过敏反应，如果不及时治疗，可能会产生有害影响，甚至导致死亡。预防措施包括进行详细的病史采集，重点关注以前诊断出的过敏症。如果在以前的手术中发生过敏反应，详细记录所使用的麻醉剂和药物对于后续的麻醉管理至关重要。术前计划和避免与麻醉期间常用的药物发生交叉反应是预防过敏反应的关键。如果在紧急手术中无法确定过敏原的确切身份，则应考虑进行预防用药。也可以采取一般的预防过敏反应措施，例如在手术室中选择适当的麻醉药物和技术，并为可预测的过敏反应管理做好充分准备。
