TU Dortmund University.
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2020 May;46(5):525-549. doi: 10.1037/xhp0000731. Epub 2020 Mar 12.
We analyzed the processing of go, nogo, and neutral stimuli by means of the interactions that arise when two stimuli are presented in temporal proximity. In Experiment 1, we tested four leaky, competing accumulator models of a flanker task with go and nogo targets and go, nogo, and neutral flankers. The models differed in whether they included a nogo-response code and thus a covert nogo response or not. Nogo flankers produced similar response conflict as incompatible go flankers, supporting a model with a nogo-response code. The best-fitting model had higher thresholds for nogo than for go responses and stronger lateral-inhibition gain between go-response and nogo-response codes than between go-response codes. We further explored the validity of the models by testing their predicted sequential effects in Experiments 2A and 2B. Consistent with the best-fitting model, RTs to a go signal were longer after a nogo signal than after a (different) go signal when the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) was long enough for responses to first signals (i.e., ≥ 1 s). However, when the SOA was too short for first-signal responses (i.e., ≤ 0.5 s) this difference was slightly reversed. This pattern of results was consistent with predictions of the best-fitting model after a change of the lateral-inhibition gain. We conclude that nogo stimuli and go stimuli are processed in qualitatively the same way and different from neutral stimuli but may differ in quantitative and strategically adjustable processing characteristics such as response thresholds and lateral inhibition. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
我们通过两个刺激在时间上接近时产生的相互作用来分析 Go、Nogo 和中性刺激的处理过程。在实验 1 中，我们测试了四个带有 Go 和 Nogo 目标以及 Go、Nogo 和中性侧翼的侧抑制任务的漏失、竞争累加器模型。这些模型在是否包含 Nogo 反应代码（因此是否包含隐蔽的 Nogo 反应）方面存在差异。Nogo 侧翼产生了与不兼容的 Go 侧翼相似的反应冲突，支持包含 Nogo 反应代码的模型。拟合最好的模型的 Nogo 反应阈值高于 Go 反应阈值，并且 Go 反应和 Nogo 反应代码之间的侧抑制增益强于 Go 反应代码之间的侧抑制增益。我们通过在实验 2A 和 2B 中测试它们的预测序列效应，进一步探索了模型的有效性。与拟合最好的模型一致，当刺激起始间隔（SOA）足够长（即≥1 秒）以使对第一个信号的反应能够发生时，与 Nogo 信号相比，Go 信号后的反应时（RT）更长。然而，当 SOA 太短以至于第一个信号的反应无法发生时（即，≤0.5 秒），这种差异略有反转。这种结果模式与改变侧抑制增益后的拟合最好的模型的预测一致。我们得出结论，Nogo 刺激和 Go 刺激以定性上相同的方式被处理，与中性刺激不同，但在响应阈值和侧抑制等定量和策略上可调节的处理特征方面可能有所不同。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
