Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Applied Clinical Research and Public Health, School of Dentistry, Cardiff, UK.
Orthod Craniofac Res. 2020 Aug;23(3):323-331. doi: 10.1111/ocr.12373. Epub 2020 Mar 31.
The aim of this prospective controlled study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the rapid maxillary expander (RME) and face mask treatment using three-dimensional soft-tissue facial characteristics of pre-pubertal Class III children.
CLIII and non-CLIII groups, both of 32 white children aged 6-8 years participated.
Facial surface images were obtained using stereophotogrammetry at T0 and T1 and were superimposed. Landmark-based and surface-based facial parameters were measured, and group differences were quantified (ANOVA; P ≥ .05).
CLIII children had less mid-face prominence, shorter lower facial height and protruded mandible when compared to non-CLIII children at T0. At T1, the differences between the groups were not statistically significant, indicating successful correction. After the RME/face mask treatment, the n-sn and sn-pg distances increased by 1.5 mm and 2.2 mm, respectively. The distance from sn to the n-pg line increased by 1 mm, the n-sn-pg angle decreased by almost 2°. Pogonion moved downward by 2.5 mm and posteriorly by 3 mm. The surface-based measurements between the groups after treatment showed anterior movement in the mid-face region and the upper lip region. The lower lip and chin region moved posteriorly in the CLIII group and anteriorly in the non-CLIII group.
After RME/face mask treatment, the lower facial height increased, the maxilla moved anteriorly, and the mandible moved posteriorly. Consequently, CLIII children reached the respective values of the non-CLIII children, indicating a harmonious facial appearance of CLIII children. The results have been obtained using non-invasive technique.
本前瞻性对照研究旨在评估快速上颌扩张器（RME）和面具治疗对上颌后缩儿童的三维软组织面型的疗效。
32 名 6-8 岁的白人 CLIII 组和非 CLIII 组儿童参与了该研究。
在 T0 和 T1 时使用体视摄影术获得面部表面图像，并进行叠加。基于标志和基于表面的面部参数进行测量，并量化组间差异（ANOVA；P≥.05）。
与非 CLIII 儿童相比，CLIII 儿童在 T0 时中面部突出度较小，下颜面高度较短，下颌前突。在 T1 时，组间差异无统计学意义，表明治疗成功。RME/面具治疗后，n-sn 和 sn-pg 距离分别增加了 1.5mm 和 2.2mm。sn 到 n-pg 线的距离增加了 1mm，n-sn-pg 角减小了近 2°。颏点向下移动了 2.5mm，向后移动了 3mm。治疗后两组之间的基于表面的测量值显示，中面部区域和上唇区域向前移动。下唇和颏部区域在 CLIII 组中向后移动，在非 CLIII 组中向前移动。
RME/面具治疗后，下颜面高度增加，上颌向前移动，下颌向后移动。因此，CLIII 儿童达到了非 CLIII 儿童的相应值，表明 CLIII 儿童的面部外观和谐。这些结果是使用非侵入性技术获得的。
