Department of Community Health, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P O Box, 1410, Mbarara, Uganda.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P O Box, 1410, Mbarara, Uganda.
BMC Infect Dis. 2020 Mar 12;20(1):219. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-4928-9.
Control of Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome using vaccination has shown great success in the America's. Uganda is due to introduce the Rubella vaccine however the magnitude of transmission is not well documented. Therefore this study was done to determine IgM sero-prevalance for Rubella in order to help monitor vaccine effectiveness post introduction of the vaccine in routine vaccination programme.
A retrospective review of suspected measles cases data for the reporting period January 2007 to December 2016 in Uganda was Done. rubella IgM testing was done on 15,296 of the cases and the data was analyzed using STATA version 13.
In total 15,296 cases were tested and 4255 (27.8%) tested positive and among females aged 15-49 years 88 out of 322 (27%) tested positive. The age distribution range was 0-80 years, rubella IgM positivity was reported in all the 15 regions of Uganda and throughout the ten year period in every month. Age group 5-15 years had OR 2.5 p-value < 0.001 of being rubella IgM positive compared to age < 5 years and testing measles IgM negative OR 6.3 p-value < 0.001.
Rubella is endemic in Uganda and although rubella IgM positivity is highest in the age 5-15 years even the younger, older and women of reprodutive age are affected. This means the risk of Congenital Rubella Syndrome is high hence the need to introduce the rubella vaccine for infants and pregnant mothers and continued surveillance to enhance its control.
通过疫苗接种控制风疹和先天性风疹综合征在美国已取得巨大成功。乌干达即将引入风疹疫苗，但传播的严重程度尚未得到很好的记录。因此，本研究旨在确定风疹 IgM 血清流行率，以帮助监测疫苗在常规疫苗接种计划引入后的效果。
对乌干达 2007 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月报告期内疑似麻疹病例数据进行回顾性审查。对 15296 例病例进行了风疹 IgM 检测，使用 STATA 版本 13 对数据进行了分析。
共检测了 15296 例病例，其中 4255 例（27.8%）检测结果为阳性，在 15-49 岁的女性中，有 88 例（27%）检测结果为阳性。年龄分布范围为 0-80 岁，风疹 IgM 阳性在乌干达的 15 个地区和整个 10 年期间的每个月均有报告。与年龄<5 岁且检测麻疹 IgM 阴性的病例相比，年龄在 5-15 岁的病例发生风疹 IgM 阳性的比值比（OR）为 2.5，p 值<0.001；而与年龄<5 岁的病例相比，年龄在 5-15 岁的病例发生风疹 IgM 阳性的比值比（OR）为 6.3，p 值<0.001。
风疹在乌干达流行，尽管风疹 IgM 阳性率在 5-15 岁年龄组最高，但即使是年幼、年长和育龄妇女也受到影响。这意味着先天性风疹综合征的风险很高，因此需要为婴儿和孕妇引入风疹疫苗，并进行持续监测以加强其控制。
